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  2. Newton's laws of motion - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Newton's_laws_of_motion

    Newton's second law, in modern form, states that the time derivative of the momentum is the force: =. If the mass m {\displaystyle m} does not change with time, then the derivative acts only upon the velocity, and so the force equals the product of the mass and the time derivative of the velocity, which is the acceleration: [ 22 ] F = m d v d t ...

  3. De motu corporum in gyrum - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/De_motu_corporum_in_gyrum

    Later, in 1686, when Newton's Principia had been presented to the Royal Society, Hooke claimed from this correspondence the credit for some of Newton's content in the Principia, and said Newton owed the idea of an inverse-square law of attraction to him – although at the same time, Hooke disclaimed any credit for the curves and trajectories ...

  4. De analysi per aequationes numero terminorum infinitas

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/De_analysi_per_aequationes...

    Composed in 1669, [4] during the mid-part of that year probably, [5] from ideas Newton had acquired during the period 1665–1666. [4] Newton wrote And whatever the common Analysis performs by Means of Equations of a finite number of Terms (provided that can be done) this new method can always perform the same by means of infinite Equations.

  5. Philosophiæ Naturalis Principia Mathematica - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philosophiæ_Naturalis...

    Newton's proof of Kepler's second law, as described in the book. If a continuous centripetal force (red arrow) is considered on the planet during its orbit, the area of the triangles defined by the path of the planet will be the same. This is true for any fixed time interval. When the interval tends to zero, the force can be considered ...

  6. Quaestiones quaedam philosophicae - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quaestiones_quaedam...

    Newton criticised this theory by noting that in that case a printed page, with its juxtaposition of light and dark, would look colored. In folio 122 he recorded for the first time his notion that white light is heterogeneous and color arise, not through the modification of a homogeneous white light, but from the separation of this mixture into ...

  7. General Scholium - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Scholium

    Newton did not offer any reasons or causes for his law of gravity, and was therefore publicly criticised for introducing "occult agencies" into science. [5]Newton objected to Descartes' and Leibniz's Scientific method of deriving conclusions by applying reason to a priori definitions rather than to empirical evidence, and famously stated "hypotheses non fingo", Latin for "I do not frame ...

  8. Newton-Hooke priority controversy for the inverse square law

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Newton-Hooke_priority...

    What Newton did, was to show how the inverse-square law of attraction had many necessary mathematical connections with observable features of the motions of bodies in the solar system; and that they were related in such a way that the observational evidence and the mathematical demonstrations, taken together, gave reason to believe that the ...

  9. Vis viva - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vis_viva

    Newton’s Third Law of Motion (for every action there is an equal and opposite reaction) is also equivalent to the principle of conservation of momentum. Leibniz accepted the principle of conservation of momentum, but rejected the Cartesian version of it. [ 2 ]