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The portion of the universe that we can see is approximately 93 billion light-years in diameter at present, but the total size of the universe is not known. [3] Some of the earliest cosmological models of the universe were developed by ancient Greek and Indian philosophers and were geocentric, placing Earth at the center.
The radius of the observable universe is therefore estimated to be about 46.5 billion light-years. [8] [9] Using the critical density and the diameter of the observable universe, the total mass of ordinary matter in the universe can be calculated to be about 1.5 × 10 53 kg. [10]
A finite universe is a bounded metric space, where there is some distance d such that all points are within distance d of each other. The smallest such d is called the diameter of the universe, in which case the universe has a well-defined "volume" or "scale".
Theoretical limit of star size (M31) ≳1,750 [9] L/T eff: Estimated by measuring the fraction of red supergiants at higher luminosities in a large sample of stars. Assumes an effective temperature of 3625 K. Reported for reference: LGGS J013339.28+303118.8 1,566 [129] Triangulum Galaxy: L/T eff: Theoretical limit of star size (M33) ≳1,500 [9 ...
Table 3: Today's universe in Planck units Property of present-day observable universe Approximate number of Planck units Equivalents Age: 8.08 × 10 60 t P: 4.35 × 10 17 s or 1.38 × 10 10 years Diameter: 5.4 × 10 61 l P: 8.7 × 10 26 m or 9.2 × 10 10 light-years: Mass: approx. 10 60 m P: 3 × 10 52 kg or 1.5 × 10 22 solar masses (only ...
Discovered through gamma-ray burst mapping. Largest-known regular formation in the observable universe. [8] Huge-LQG (2012–2013) 4,000,000,000 [9] [10] [11] Decoupling of 73 quasars. Largest-known large quasar group and the first structure found to exceed 3 billion light-years. "The Giant Arc" (2021) 3,300,000,000 [12] Located 9.2 billion ...
The structure of the Universe can be broken down into components that can help describe the characteristics of individual regions of the cosmos. These are the main structural components of the cosmic web: Voids – vast, largely spherical [6] regions with very low cosmic mean densities, up to 100 megaparsecs (Mpc) in diameter. [7]
A size comparison of the six largest galaxies of the Local Group, including the Milky Way. The Milky Way is one of the two largest galaxies in the Local Group (the other being the Andromeda Galaxy), although the size for its galactic disc and how much it defines the isophotal diameter is not well understood. [11]