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The Scoville scale is a measurement of pungency (spiciness or "heat") of chili peppers and other substances, recorded in Scoville heat units (SHU). It is based on the concentration of capsaicinoids , among which capsaicin is the predominant component.
This is a list of capsaicinoids, a class of compound found in members of the capsicum family. They are the chemical responsible for making chili peppers hot . The heat intensity of capsaicinoids is measured in Scoville heat units (SCU) by the Scoville heat scale .
Capsaicin is a potent defense mechanism for chilies, but it does come at a cost. Varying levels of capsaicin in chilies currently appear to be caused by an evolutionary split between surviving in dry environments, and having defense mechanisms against fungal growth, insects, and granivorous mammals. [87]
The term piquancy (/ ˈ p iː k ən s i /) is sometimes applied to foods with a lower degree of pungency [4] that are "agreeably stimulating to the palate". Examples of piquant food include mustard and curry. The primary substances responsible for pungent taste are capsaicin, piperine (in peppers) and allyl isothiocyanate (in radish, mustard ...
Like capsaicin it is an irritant. Homocapsaicin accounts for about 1% of the total capsaicinoids mixture [2] and has about half the pungency of capsaicin. Pure homocapsaicin is a lipophilic colorless odorless crystalline to waxy compound. On the Scoville scale it has 8,600,000 SHU (Scoville heat units). [1]
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Wilbur Lincoln Scoville (January 22, 1865 – March 10, 1942) was an American pharmacist best known for his creation of the "Scoville Organoleptic Test", now standardized as the Scoville scale. He devised the test and scale in 1912 while working at the Parke-Davis pharmaceutical company to measure pungency , "spiciness" or "capsaicin ...