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Date of landing/impact Coordinates Notes Mars 2 lander: USSR: 27 November 1971: First man-made object on Mars. No contact after crash landing. Mars 3 lander: USSR: 2 December 1971: First soft landing on Mars. Transmission began about 90 seconds after landing. [4]
An example of an additional object from a spacecraft landing is the metal shroud ejected by the Viking 2 lander, as seen in this 1977 view of Mars. The shroud covered the surface sampler instrument and could be seen in images taken by the lander while it was active on the surface. [11] Each mission left debris according to its design.
A Mars landing is a landing of a spacecraft on the surface of Mars. Of multiple attempted Mars landings by robotic, uncrewed spacecraft, ten have had successful soft landings. There have also been studies for a possible human mission to Mars including a landing, but none have been attempted. As of 2023, the Soviet Union, United States and China ...
List of Mars landers S.No Landers Launch date Landing date Mass (kg) [1] Landing site Region Status Country MOLA Entry velocity References 1. Mars 2MV-3 No.1: 04 Nov 1962 25 Nov 1962 890 - - Failure Soviet Union - - [2] 2. Mars 2: 19 May 1971 27 Nov 1971 1210 45°S 47°E ♦ - Failure Soviet Union - - [3] [4] 3. Mars 3: 28 May 1971 02 Dec 1971 ...
Opportunity, also known as MER-B (Mars Exploration Rover – B) or MER-1, and nicknamed Oppy, is a robotic rover that was active on Mars from 2004 until 2018. [1] Opportunity was operational on Mars for 5111 sols (14 years, 138 days on Earth).
NASA's Curiosity rover, selfie, 2015. A Mars rover is a remote-controlled motor vehicle designed to travel on the surface of Mars. Rovers have several advantages over stationary landers: they examine more territory, they can be directed to interesting features, they can place themselves in sunny positions to weather winter months, and they can advance the knowledge of how to perform very ...
NASA's Mars Exploration Rover (MER) mission was a robotic space mission involving two Mars rovers, Spirit and Opportunity, exploring the planet Mars. It began in 2003 with the launch of the two rovers to explore the Martian surface and geology ; both landed on Mars at separate locations in January 2004.
Curiosity has an advanced payload of scientific equipment on Mars. [26] It is the fourth NASA robotic rover sent to Mars since 1996. Previous successful Mars rovers are Sojourner from the Mars Pathfinder mission (1997), and Spirit (2004–2010) and Opportunity (2004–2018) rovers from the Mars Exploration Rover mission.