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Surge Protection Device (SPD) for installation in a low-voltage distribution board. A surge protector (or spike suppressor, surge suppressor, surge diverter, [1] surge protection device (SPD), transient voltage suppressor (TVS) or transient voltage surge suppressor (TVSS)) is an appliance or device intended to protect electrical devices in alternating current (AC) circuits from voltage spikes ...
The trap consists of three major components: the main coil, the tuning device, and the protective device (also known as a surge arrester). The protective and tuning devices are mounted inside the main coil. A line trap may be covered with a bird barrier, in which case there are four components. [2]
Lightning arrester; Main transformer ... Line entrance surge arrestors are used to protect ... usually in multiples of three, since three-phase electrical power ...
Maintenance costs are roughly 50% of an equivalent three phase line. SWER also reduces the largest cost of a distribution network: the number of poles. Conventional 2-wire or 3-wire distribution lines have a higher power transfer capacity, but can require 7 poles per kilometre (12 poles per mile), with spans of 100 to 150 metres (110 to 160 yards).
In the event of a surge, a lightning arrester, a surge arrester or a surge protection device (SPD) will divert the excess current to the Earth before it reaches an appliance. [3] System earthing allows for equipotential bonding to all metal works to prevent potential differences between them. [4]
Inrush current, input surge current, or switch-on surge is the maximal instantaneous input current drawn by an electrical device when first turned on. Alternating-current electric motors and transformers may draw several times their normal full-load current when first energized, for a few cycles of the input waveform.
Earth fault protection also requires current transformers and senses an imbalance in a three-phase circuit. Normally the three phase currents are in balance, i.e. roughly equal in magnitude. If one or two phases become connected to earth via a low impedance path, their magnitudes will increase dramatically, as will current imbalance.
[2] [5] The "8/20 μs" generator is designed for surge arrester testing, and produces a high-current surge into a low-impedance load. [2] On the other hand, modern electronic devices can be high and low-impedance loads simultaneously due to non-linear devices, protection circuits, and arcing in a dielectric breakdown.
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