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Progressive retinal atrophy (PRA) is a group of genetic diseases seen in certain breeds of dogs and, more rarely, cats. Similar to retinitis pigmentosa in humans, [1] it is characterized by the bilateral degeneration of the retina, causing progressive vision loss culminating in blindness.
Pathologically, there is a loss of the rod and cone cells followed by degeneration of other layers of the retina. The retinal degeneration appears to be related to apoptosis of these cells. [ 11 ] SARDS must be distinguished from other causes of sudden blindness that have no visible pathology, including retrobulbar optic neuritis , a tumor at ...
The disease in dogs can affect the lungs and skin, but more commonly the eye and central nervous system. [20] Ringworm is a fungal skin disease that in dogs is caused by Microsporum canis (70%), Microsporum gypseum (20%), and Trichophyton mentagrophytes (10%). Typical signs in dogs include hair loss and scaly skin. [21]
Close-up of prolapsed gland in small breed dog. KCS is not common in dogs, affecting one per cent of the dog population. [9] KCS is a chronic degenerative conjunctivitis that can lead to impaired vision and blindness. [2] KCS has a wide array of causes including drug toxicity, cherry eye, previous surgery, trauma, and irradiation. [2]
The first symptom is poor vision at night. If untreated, xerophthalmia can lead to dry eye syndrome , corneal ulceration , and ultimately to blindness as a result of corneal and retinal damage. Xerophthalmia usually implies a destructive dryness of the conjunctival epithelium due to dietary vitamin A deficiency—a rare condition in developed ...
Amblyopia: is a category of vision loss or visual impairment that is caused by factors unrelated to refractive errors or coexisting ocular diseases. [59] Amblyopia is the condition when a child's visual systems fail to mature normally because the child either has been born premature, measles, congenital rubella syndrome, vitamin A deficiency ...
Cavalier King Charles Spaniel with bandaged foot A dog's injured leg. The health of dogs is a well studied area in veterinary medicine.. Dog health is viewed holistically; it encompasses many different aspects, including disease processes, genetics, and nutritional health, for example.
A corneal ulcer, or ulcerative keratitis, is an inflammatory condition of the cornea involving loss of its outer layer. It is very common in dogs and is sometimes seen in cats . In veterinary medicine , the term corneal ulcer is a generic name for any condition involving the loss of the outer layer of the cornea, and as such is used to describe ...
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