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The renminbi (RMB, also known as Chinese yuan; ISO code: CNY) is the official currency of the People's Republic of China. [1] Although it is not a freely convertible currency , and has an official exchange rate , the CNY plays an important role in the world economy and international trade .
For most of its early history, the renminbi was pegged to the U.S. dollar at ¥2.46 per USD. During the 1970s it was revalued, until it reached ¥1.50 per USD in 1980. Its value gradually declined as China embarked on a new economic course during Deng Xiaoping's leadership and transformed into a more market-based capitalistic economy. [6] [7]
Meanwhile, the Chinese yuan — which many think is the biggest threat to the dollar — accounted for just 2.37% of reserves in the same period, with a high proportion of that being held by ...
With Chinese companies unable to hold US dollars and foreign companies unable to hold Chinese yuan, all transactions would go through the People's Bank of China. Once the sum was paid by the foreign party in dollars, the central bank would pass the settlement in renminbi to the Chinese company at the state-controlled exchange rate.
"Silver Dragon" yuan coin, 1904. 5-yuan note from a private bank, 1906. 5-yuan note of the Republic of China (1941) Taiwanese note for 10,000 yuan (1949) The yuan (/ j uː ˈ ɑː n,-æ n / yoo-A(H)N; sign: ¥; Chinese: 圓/元; pinyin: yuán; ⓘ) is the base unit of a number of former and present-day currencies throughout China.
China's foreign exchange reserves are held by People's Bank of China, China's central bank. [3] The total of the reserves is regularly announced by the central bank. In December 2024, China's reserves totalled US $3.202 trillion, which is the highest foreign exchange reserves of any country [4]
One jiao is equal to 1 ⁄ 10 of a yuan or 10 fēn (分). The Renminbi has coins of 1, 2 and 5 jiao. [1] The 2 jiao coin is no longer in circulation. The New Taiwan dollar has coins of 5 jiao (rarely used). [2] The Hong Kong dollar has coins of 1, 2 and 5hou known as 10, 20 and 50 cents).
[2] [3] The digital RMB is legal tender [4] and has equivalent value with other forms of renminbi, also known as the Chinese yuan (CNY), such as bills and coins. [2] The digital yuan is designed to move instantaneously in both domestic and international transactions. [2] [5] It aims to be cheaper and faster than existing financial transactions. [2]