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In 2021 Google funded the creation of mod_tls, a new TLS module for Apache HTTP Server using Rustls. [38] [39] The new module is intended to be a successor to the mod_ssl module that uses OpenSSL, as a more secure default. [38] [40] As of August 2024, mod_tls is available in the latest version of Apache but still marked as experimental. [41]
RFC 5280 defines self-signed certificates as "self-issued certificates where the digital signature may be verified by the public key bound into the certificate" [7] whereas a self-issued certificate is a certificate "in which the issuer and subject are the same entity". While in the strict sense the RFC makes this definition only for CA ...
OpenSSL is a software library for applications that provide secure communications over computer networks against eavesdropping, and identify the party at the other end. It is widely used by Internet servers, including the majority of HTTPS websites.
The original version created for Apache v1.3 was initially created in April 1998 by Ralf S. Engelschall via porting Ben Laurie's Apache-SSL 1.17 source patches for Apache 1.2.6 to Apache 1.3b6. [1] This version is under a BSD-style license. The version for v2.0 and later, in contrast, is maintained by Apache Software Foundation and licensed ...
Certificates that support certificate transparency must include one or more signed certificate timestamps (SCTs), which is a promise from a log operator to include the certificate in their log within a maximum merge delay (MMD). [4] [3] At some point within the maximum merge delay, the log operator adds the certificate to their log.
SSLeay is an open-source SSL implementation. It was developed by Eric Andrew Young [1] and Tim J. Hudson as an SSL 3.0 implementation using RC2 and RC4 encryption. [2] The recommended pronunciation is to say each letter s-s-l-e-a-y and was first developed by Eric A. Young ("eay"). [3]
Several versions of the TLS protocol exist. SSL 2.0 is a deprecated [27] protocol version with significant weaknesses. SSL 3.0 (1996) and TLS 1.0 (1999) are successors with two weaknesses in CBC-padding that were explained in 2001 by Serge Vaudenay. [28]
A certificate authority self-signs a root certificate to be able to sign other certificates. An intermediate certificate has a similar purpose to the root certificate – its only use is to sign other certificates. However, an intermediate certificate is not self-signed. A root certificate or another intermediate certificate needs to sign it.