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"Organizing" refers to unresolved pneumonia (in which the alveolar exudate persists and eventually undergoes fibrosis) in which fibrous tissue forms in the alveoli.The phase of resolution and/or remodeling following bacterial infections is commonly referred to as organizing pneumonia, both clinically and pathologically.
Interstitial lung disease (ILD), or diffuse parenchymal lung disease (DPLD), [3] is a group of respiratory diseases affecting the interstitium (the tissue) and space around the alveoli (air sacs) of the lungs. [4] It concerns alveolar epithelium, pulmonary capillary endothelium, basement membrane, and perivascular and perilymphatic tissues. It ...
Alveolar lung disease may be divided into acute or chronic. Causes of acute alveolar lung disease include pulmonary edema (cardiogenic or neurogenic), pneumonia (bacterial or viral), systemic lupus erythematosus, [2] bleeding in the lungs (e.g., Goodpasture syndrome), [3] idiopathic pulmonary hemosiderosis, [4] and granulomatosis with polyangiitis.
[citation needed] For example, a 1955 review article stated, [27] "Interstitial plasma cell pneumonia is a type of infantile pneumonia, occurring chiefly in Europe." It also stated, "The etiology is unknown, but the disease acts like an infection in its epidemiology. No present-day therapeutic measures seem to be of any definite value." [27]
During external examination, clubbing (swelling of fingertip tissue and increase in angle at the nail bed), [14] and basal crackles may be observed. For hypersensitivity pneumonitis many diagnoses take place through the focus of blood test, chest x-rays, and depending on severity of infection doctors may recommend a bronchoscopy.
Idiopathic interstitial pneumonia (IIP), or noninfectious pneumonia [1] are a class of diffuse lung diseases. These diseases typically affect the pulmonary interstitium , although some also have a component affecting the airways (for instance, cryptogenic organizing pneumonitis ).
The membrane has several layers – a layer of alveolar lining fluid that contains surfactant, the epithelial layer and its basement membrane; a thin interstitial space between the epithelial lining and the capillary membrane; a capillary basement membrane that often fuses with the alveolar basement membrane, and the capillary endothelial membrane.
[1] [3] There are four key features of UIP including interstitial fibrosis in a 'patchwork pattern', interstitial scarring, honeycomb changes and fibroblast foci. [citation needed] Fibroblastic foci are dense collections of myofibroblasts and scar tissue and, together with honeycombing, are the main pathological findings that allow a diagnosis ...