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cksum is a command in Unix and Unix-like operating systems that generates a checksum value for a file or stream of data. The cksum command reads each file given in its arguments, or standard input if no arguments are provided, and outputs the file's 32-bit cyclic redundancy check (CRC) checksum and byte count. [1]
keyed hash function (prefix-MAC) BLAKE3: 256 bits keyed hash function (supplied IV) HMAC: KMAC: arbitrary based on Keccak MD6: 512 bits Merkle tree NLFSR: One-key MAC (OMAC; CMAC) PMAC (cryptography) Poly1305-AES: 128 bits nonce-based SipHash: 32, 64 or 128 bits non-collision-resistant PRF: HighwayHash [16] 64, 128 or 256 bits non-collision ...
In cryptography, a Key Checksum Value (KCV) is the checksum of a cryptographic key. [1] It is used to validate the integrity of the key or compare keys without knowing their actual values. The KCV is computed by encrypting a block of bytes, each with value '00' or '01', with the cryptographic key and retaining the first 6 hexadecimal characters ...
The content of such spam may often vary in its details, which would render normal checksumming ineffective. By contrast, a "fuzzy checksum" reduces the body text to its characteristic minimum, then generates a checksum in the usual manner. This greatly increases the chances of slightly different spam emails producing the same checksum.
sha1sum is a computer program that calculates and verifies SHA-1 hashes.It is commonly used to verify the integrity of files. It (or a variant) is installed by default on most Linux distributions.
md5sum is specific to systems that use GNU coreutils or a clone such as BusyBox.On FreeBSD and OpenBSD the utilities are called md5, sha1, sha256, and sha512.These versions offer slightly different options and features.
20] In this example, the sender of a message runs it through a MAC algorithm to produce a MAC data tag. The message and the MAC tag are then sent to the receiver. The receiver in turn runs the message portion of the transmission through the same MAC algorithm using the same key, producing a second MAC data tag.
File integrity monitoring (FIM) is an internal control or process that performs the act of validating the integrity of operating system and application software files using a verification method between the current file state and a known, good baseline.