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Manufacturing resource planning (MRP II) [1] is a method for the effective planning of all resources of a manufacturing company. Ideally, it addresses operational planning in units, financial planning, and has a simulation capability to answer " what-if " questions and is an extension of closed-loop MRP (Material Requirements Planning).
A cold chain is a supply chain that uses refrigeration to maintain perishable goods, such as pharmaceuticals, produce or other goods that are temperature-sensitive. [1] Common goods, sometimes called cool cargo, [2] distributed in cold chains include fresh agricultural produce, [3] seafood, frozen food, photographic film, chemicals, and pharmaceutical products. [4]
Material requirements planning (MRP) is a production planning, scheduling, and inventory control system used to manage manufacturing processes. Most MRP systems are software-based, but it is possible to conduct MRP by hand as well. An MRP system is intended to simultaneously meet three objectives:
Production planning is the future of production. It can help in efficient manufacturing or setting up of a production site by facilitating required needs. [2] A production plan is made periodically for a specific time period, called the planning horizon. It can comprise the following activities:
Materials management is a core supply chain function and includes supply chain planning and supply chain execution capabilities. Specifically, materials management is the capability firms use to plan total material requirements. The material requirements are communicated to procurement and other functions for sourcing.
Supply chain professionals need to have knowledge of managing supply chain functions such as transportation, warehousing, inventory management, and production planning. In the past, supply chain professionals emphasized logistics skills, such as knowledge of shipping routes, familiarity with warehousing equipment and distribution center ...
Supply chain engineering is applied to all parts of supply chains, including: [3] [1] Authentication and tracking, such as via RFID technology; Financing; Demand forecasting; Facility location; Logistics for both goods and people. Transportation; Warehousing and inventory management; Pricing; Production and manufacturing
Shorter and more frequent product cycles which are required to meet the needs of more sophisticated markets create the need to manage supply chains containing more products and parts. [5] Hence, businesses need to understand how this affects their inventory and how they can seize the opportunities presented by such products.