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  2. Concrete - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Concrete

    Concrete is a composite material composed of aggregate bonded together with a fluid cement that cures to a solid over time. Concrete is the second-most-used substance in the world after water, [1] and is the most widely used building material. [2] Its usage worldwide, ton for ton, is twice that of steel, wood, plastics, and aluminium combined. [3]

  3. Joseph Monier - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joseph_Monier

    In 1875, the first iron-reinforced concrete bridge ever built was constructed at the Castle of Chazelet. Monier was the designer. The important point of Monier's idea was that it combined steel and concrete in such a way that the best qualities of each material were brought into play. Concrete is easily procured and shaped.

  4. John Smeaton - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Smeaton

    Smeaton is important in the history, rediscovery of, and development of modern cement, identifying the compositional requirements needed to obtain "hydraulicity" in lime; work which led ultimately to the invention of Portland cement. Portland cement led to the re-emergence of concrete as a modern building material, largely due to Smeaton's ...

  5. Cement - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cement

    The use of concrete in construction grew rapidly from 1850 onward, and was soon the dominant use for cements. Thus Portland cement began its predominant role. Isaac Charles Johnson further refined the production of meso-Portland cement (middle stage of development) and claimed he was the real father of Portland cement.

  6. Roman concrete - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_concrete

    As seawater percolated within the tiny cracks in the Roman concrete, it reacted with phillipsite naturally found in the volcanic rock and created aluminous tobermorite crystals. The result is a candidate for "the most durable building material in human history". In contrast, modern concrete exposed to saltwater deteriorates within decades. [17 ...

  7. Portland cement - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portland_cement

    The most common use for portland cement is in the production of concrete. [17] Concrete is a composite material consisting of aggregate (gravel and sand), cement, and water. As a construction material, concrete can be cast in almost any shape desired, and once hardened, can become a structural (load bearing) element.

  8. Local history: Botzum Bros. made concrete plans with 1950 ...

    www.aol.com/news/local-history-botzum-bros-made...

    ‘The Big Giant’ was the nickname of an 85-foot concrete mixing plant at North Arlington and East North streets in Akron. Local history: Botzum Bros. made concrete plans with 1950 mixing plant ...

  9. Eugène Freyssinet - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eugène_Freyssinet

    Freyssinet's major contribution to the science of concrete construction was the use of forced steam around the concrete moulds which significantly shortened the curing time of the concrete. His 1919 design at St Pierre du Vauvray again increased the record for a concrete arch span, with 132 m (435 ft) hollow arches, completed in 1923. [1]