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Hydroxylamine derivatives substituted in place of the hydroxyl or amine hydrogen are (respectively) called O- or N‑hydroxylamines. In general N‑hydroxylamines are more common. Examples are N‑tert‑butylhydroxylamine or the glycosidic bond in calicheamicin. N,O‑Dimethylhydroxylamine is a precursor to Weinreb amides.
In chemistry, a hydrochloride is an acid salt resulting, or regarded as resulting, from the reaction of hydrochloric acid with an organic base (e.g. an amine). An alternative name is chlorhydrate, which comes from French. An archaic alternative name is muriate, derived from hydrochloric acid's ancient name: muriatic acid.
Hydroxylammonium chloride is a chemical compound with the formula [NH 3 OH] + Cl −.It is the hydrochloric acid salt of hydroxylamine (NH 2 OH).Hydroxylamine is a biological intermediate in nitrification (biological oxidation of ammonia with oxygen into nitrite) and in anammox (biological oxidation of nitrite and ammonium into dinitrogen gas) which are important in the nitrogen cycle in soil ...
Dimethylamine reacts with acids to form salts, such as dimethylamine hydrochloride, an odorless white solid with a melting point of 171.5 °C. Dimethylamine is produced by catalytic reaction of methanol and ammonia at elevated temperatures and high pressure: [6] 2 CH 3 OH + NH 3 → (CH 3) 2 NH + 2 H 2 O
Such reactions lead to the production of hydrogen chloride which combines with triethylamine to form the salt triethylamine hydrochloride, commonly called triethylammonium chloride. (R, R' = alkyl, aryl): R 2 NH + R'C(O)Cl + Et 3 N → R'C(O)NR 2 + Et 3 NH + Cl −. Like other tertiary amines, it catalyzes the formation of urethane foams and ...
The Mannich reaction starts with the nucleophilic addition of an amine to a carbonyl group followed by dehydration to the Schiff base. The Schiff base is an electrophile which reacts in a second step in an electrophilic addition with an enol formed from a carbonyl compound containing an acidic alpha-proton.
The hydrochloride salt of benzylamine, C 6 H 5 CH 2 NH 3 Cl or C 6 H 5 CH 2 NH 2 ·HCl, [24] is prepared by reacting benzylamine with hydrochloric acid, and can be used in treating motion sickness. NASA astronaut John Glenn was issued with benzylamine hydrochloride for this purpose for the Mercury-Atlas 6 mission. [25]
The vast majority of these procedures utilize the commercially available salt N,O-dimethylhydroxylamine hydrochloride [MeO(Me)NH•HCl], which is typically easier to handle than the free amine. [6] Treatment of an ester or lactone with AlMe 3 or AlMe 2 Cl affords the corresponding Weinreb amide in good yields. Alternatively, non-nucleophilic ...