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Cycles of the unit digit of multiples of integers ending in 1, 3, 7 and 9 (upper row), and 2, 4, 6 and 8 (lower row) on a telephone keypad. Figure 1 is used for multiples of 1, 3, 7, and 9. Figure 2 is used for the multiples of 2, 4, 6, and 8. These patterns can be used to memorize the multiples of any number from 0 to 10, except 5.
Distributive property. In mathematics, the distributive property of binary operations is a generalization of the distributive law, which asserts that the equality is always true in elementary algebra. For example, in elementary arithmetic, one has Therefore, one would say that multiplication distributes over addition.
Order of operations. In mathematics and computer programming, the order of operations is a collection of rules that reflect conventions about which operations to perform first in order to evaluate a given mathematical expression. These rules are formalized with a ranking of the operations. The rank of an operation is called its precedence, and ...
When multiplication is repeated, the resulting operation is known as exponentiation. For instance, the product of three factors of two (2×2×2) is "two raised to the third power", and is denoted by 2 3, a two with a superscript three. In this example, the number two is the base, and three is the exponent. [24]
In elementary algebra, FOIL is a mnemonic for the standard method of multiplying two binomials [1] —hence the method may be referred to as the FOIL method. The word FOIL is an acronym for the four terms of the product: The general form is. Note that a is both a "first" term and an "outer" term; b is both a "last" and "inner" term, and so forth.
The Karatsuba algorithm is a fast multiplication algorithm. It was discovered by Anatoly Karatsuba in 1960 and published in 1962. [1][2][3] It is a divide-and-conquer algorithm that reduces the multiplication of two n -digit numbers to three multiplications of n /2-digit numbers and, by repeating this reduction, to at most single-digit ...
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