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A gastrolith, also called a stomach stone or gizzard stone, is a rock held inside a gastrointestinal tract. Gastroliths in some species are retained in the muscular gizzard and used to grind food in animals lacking suitable grinding teeth. In other species the rocks are ingested and pass through the digestive system and are frequently replaced.
Catarrh (/ k ə ˈ t ɑːr / kə-TAR) is an inflammation of mucous membranes in one of the airways or cavities of the body, [1] [2] usually with reference to the throat and paranasal sinuses. It can result in a thick exudate of mucus and white blood cells caused by the swelling of the mucous membranes in the head in response to an infection.
A bezoar stone (/ ˈ b i z ɔː r / BEE-zor) is a mass often found trapped in the gastrointestinal system, [2] though it can occur in other locations. [3] [4] A pseudobezoar is an indigestible object introduced intentionally into the digestive system.
Aerial view of the Moses Rock Dike diatreme in San Juan County, Utah [1] A diatreme , sometimes known as a maar-diatreme volcano, is a volcanic pipe associated with a gaseous explosion. When magma rises up through a crack in Earth's crust and makes contact with a shallow body of groundwater , rapid expansion of heated water vapor and volcanic ...
They were used to fortify the heart, stomach, and liver, and to stop dissenteries, and other fluxes of the belly. [2] Pillulae diarrhodon are composed of aloes, trochisci diarrhodon, wormwood leaves, mastic, and rock salt. They were used to purge, then fortify the stomach, promote digestion, and prevent bad breath. [2]
In humans, enteroliths are rare and may be difficult to distinguish from gall stones.Their chemical composition is diverse, and rarely can a nidus be found. A differential diagnosis of an enterolith requires the enterolith, a normal gallbladder, and a diverticulum.
The Gnostics wore the stone as an amulet for longevity, for wealth and courage, to strengthen the stomach, and to dispel melancholy. [6] In the Middle Ages it was considered useful for animal husbandry. [6] The ancient Greeks and Romans wore the stone to bring renown and favor, to bring endurance, and as a charm against the bite of venomous ...
Argillite (/ ˈ ɑːr dʒ ɪ l aɪ t /) is a fine-grained sedimentary rock composed predominantly of indurated clay particles. Argillaceous rocks are basically lithified muds and oozes. They contain variable amounts of silt-sized particles. The argillites grade into shale when the fissile layering typical of shale is developed.