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The incorporation of the Sudetenland into Germany left the rest of Czechoslovakia with a largely indefensible northwestern border. Also a Polish-majority borderland region of Trans-Olza which was annexed by Czechoslovakia in 1919, was occupied and annexed by Poland following the two-decade long territorial dispute.
The native German-speaking regions in 1930, within the borders of the current Czech Republic, which in the interwar period were referred to as the Sudetenland. The Sudetenland (/ s uː ˈ d eɪ t ən l æ n d / ⓘ soo-DAY-tən-land, German: [zuˈdeːtn̩ˌlant]; Czech and Slovak: Sudety) is a German name for the northern, southern, and western areas of former Czechoslovakia which were ...
The Munich Agreement [a] was an agreement reached in Munich on 30 September 1938, by Nazi Germany, the United Kingdom, the French Republic, and Fascist Italy.The agreement provided for the German annexation of part of Czechoslovakia called the Sudetenland, where more than three million people, mainly ethnic Germans, lived. [1]
Sudeten German uprising (Czech: sudetoněmecké povstání) [Note 3] in September 1938 was a rebellion of Sudeten Germans against Czechoslovak authorities in Sudetenland, [14] supported by an organized action orchestrated by Sudeten German Party (SdP) chaired by Konrad Henlein.
Among its citizens were three million ethnic Germans, accounting for 22.95% of the total population. Most Germans lived in the Sudetenland, a region that bordered Germany and Austria. [1] Sudetenland was the most industrialised area of Czechoslovakia and relied heavily on exports for regional prosperity.
In elections held on 4 December 1938, 97.32% of the adult population in Sudetenland voted for the NSDAP (most of the rest were Czechs who were allowed to vote as well). About half a million Sudeten Germans joined the Nazi Party, which amounted to 17.34% of the German population in the Sudetenland (the average in Nazi Germany was 7.85%).
The second crisis came over the Sudetenland area of western Czechoslovakia, which was home to a large ethnic German majority. Under the guise of seeking self-determination for ethnic Germans, Hitler planned to launch a war of aggression, codenamed Fall Grün (Case Green), on 1 October 1938. [35]
The May Crisis was a short-lived but significant episode in 1938. Although no evidence has emerged of any aggressive German military preparations then being made, the outcome of the crisis was a significant step on the road to the Munich Agreement and the destruction of Czechoslovakia. The identity of the source of the misleading information ...