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A septic tank is an underground chamber made of concrete, fiberglass, or plastic through which domestic wastewater flows for basic sewage treatment. [2] Settling and anaerobic digestion processes reduce solids and organics, but the treatment efficiency is only moderate (referred to as "primary treatment"). [2]
A septic drain field, a septic tank, and associated piping compose a septic system. The drain field typically consists of an arrangement of trenches containing perforated pipes and porous material (often gravel) covered by a layer of soil to prevent animals (and surface runoff) from reaching the wastewater distributed within those trenches. [1]
If there is a suitable septic tank in place, pumping the effluent from the tank is the lowest cost option for initial costs. Whether the septic tank is the lowest cost option over time depends on the cost of electricity in the area, how often the tank must be emptied and how much it costs to have the solids pumped out of the tank.
EN 12566-4: Part 4: Septic tanks assembled in situ from prefabricated kits; EN 12566-5: Part 5: Pretreated Effluent Filtration systems; EN 12566-6: Part 6: Prefabricated treatment units for septic tank effluent; EN 12566-7: Part 7: Prefabricated tertiary treatment units; EN 12572: Artificial climbing structures
Most of the solids are removed by the septic tanks, so the treatment plant can be much smaller than a typical plant. In addition, because of the vast reduction in solid waste, a pumping system, rather than a gravity system, can be used to move the wastewater. The pipes have small diameters, typically 1.5 to 4 inches (4 to 10 cm).
The changes established federal requirements that are similar to key portions of the Energy Policy Act of 2005. In addition, EPA added new operation and maintenance requirements and addressed UST systems deferred in the 1988 UST regulation. The changes: Added secondary containment requirements for new and replaced tanks and piping
The relatively grease-free water is then fed into the normal septic system.The food solids at the bottom and floating oil and grease must be periodically removed in a manner similar to septic tank pumping. [11] A traditional grease trap is not a food disposal unit. Unfinished food must be scraped into the garbage or food recycling bin.
A septic tank is part of a small-scale sewage treatment system often referred to as a septic system. Septic systems are commonly used to treat wastewater from homes and small businesses in rural and suburban areas. [9] It consists of the tank and a septic drain field. Waste water enters the tank where solids can settle and scum floats.