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The retromandibular vein (temporomaxillary vein, posterior facial vein) is a major vein of the face. It is formed within the parotid gland by the confluence of the maxillary vein, and superficial temporal vein. It descends in the gland and splits into two branches upon emerging from the gland.
Fractures of the mandible are common. However, coronoid process fractures are very rare. [1] Isolated fractures of the coronoid process caused by direct trauma are rare, as it is anatomically protected by the complex zygomatic arch/ temporo-zygomatic bone and their associated muscles.
The infratemporal fossa is an irregularly shaped cavity that is a part of the skull.It is situated below and medial to the zygomatic arch.It is not fully enclosed by bone in all directions.
Diagram showing left medial and lateral pterygoid muscles. Part of the zygomatic arch and the ramus of the mandible have been cut away. The pterygomandibular space lies between the lateral surface of medial pterygoid and the medial surface of the mandibular ramus.
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The superficial temporal vein is a vein of the side of the head which collects venous blood from the region of the temple. [1]: 355 It arises from an anastomosing venous plexus on the side and top of the head.
The auriculotemporal nerve arises from the posterior division of [2]: 497 the mandibular nerve (CN V 3) (which is itself a branch of the trigeminal nerve (CN V)). [3] It arises by two roots [2]: 497 that circle around either side of the middle meningeal artery [1] [2]: 363 before uniting to form a single nerve.
The maxillary vein and the superficial temporal vein later join to become the retromandibular vein. The posterior branch of the retromandibular vein and posterior auricular vein then form the external jugular vein, which empties into the subclavian vein. [citation needed]