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  2. Distance from a point to a plane - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Distance_from_a_point_to_a...

    In Euclidean space, the distance from a point to a plane is the distance between a given point and its orthogonal projection on the plane, ...

  3. Euclidean distance - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Euclidean_distance

    The distance from a point to a plane in three-dimensional Euclidean space [7] The distance between two lines in three-dimensional Euclidean space [8] The distance from a point to a curve can be used to define its parallel curve, another curve all of whose points have the same distance to the given curve. [9]

  4. Unit distance graph - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unit_distance_graph

    A unit distance graph with 16 vertices and 40 edges. In mathematics, particularly geometric graph theory, a unit distance graph is a graph formed from a collection of points in the Euclidean plane by connecting two points whenever the distance between them is exactly one.

  5. Hesse normal form - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hesse_normal_form

    Distance from the origin O to the line E calculated with the Hesse normal form. Normal vector in red, line in green, point O shown in blue. In analytic geometry, the Hesse normal form (named after Otto Hesse) is an equation used to describe a line in the Euclidean plane, a plane in Euclidean space, or a hyperplane in higher dimensions.

  6. Nearest neighbor graph - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nearest_neighbor_graph

    A nearest neighbor graph of 100 points in the Euclidean plane. The nearest neighbor graph (NNG) is a directed graph defined for a set of points in a metric space, such as the Euclidean distance in the plane. The NNG has a vertex for each point, and a directed edge from p to q whenever q is a nearest neighbor of p, a point whose distance from p ...

  7. Euclidean space - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Euclidean_space

    In an oriented Euclidean plane, ... The Euclidean distance makes a Euclidean space a metric space, ... An example among many is the usual representation of graphs.

  8. Distance from a point to a line - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Distance_from_a_point_to_a...

    The distance (or perpendicular distance) from a point to a line is the shortest distance from a fixed point to any point on a fixed infinite line in Euclidean geometry. It is the length of the line segment which joins the point to the line and is perpendicular to the line. The formula for calculating it can be derived and expressed in several ways.

  9. Dimension (graph theory) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dimension_(graph_theory)

    In mathematics, and particularly in graph theory, the dimension of a graph is the least integer n such that there exists a "classical representation" of the graph in the Euclidean space of dimension n with all the edges having unit length. In a classical representation, the vertices must be distinct points, but the edges may cross one another. [1]