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A high-level overview of the Linux kernel's system call interface, which handles communication between its various components and the userspace. In computing, a system call (commonly abbreviated to syscall) is the programmatic way in which a computer program requests a service from the operating system [a] on which it is executed.
Unix domain socket: Similar to an internet socket, but all communication occurs within the kernel. Domain sockets use the file system as their address space. Processes reference a domain socket as an inode, and multiple processes can communicate with one socket: All POSIX operating systems and Windows 10 [6] Message queue
For a process to start the execution of a different program, it first forks to create a copy of itself. Then, the copy, called the "child process", calls the exec system call to overlay itself with the other program: it ceases execution of its former program in favor of the other. The fork operation creates a separate address space for the ...
In particular, the POSIX specification and the Linux man page signal (7) require that all system functions directly or indirectly called from a signal function are async-signal safe. [6] [7] The signal-safety(7) man page gives a list of such async-signal safe system functions (practically the system calls), otherwise it is an undefined behavior ...
This port added the putmsg, getmsg, and poll system calls, which are nearly equivalent in purpose to the send, recv, and select calls from Berkeley sockets. The putmsg and getmsg system calls were originally called send and recv, [5] but were renamed to avoid namespace conflict. [6] In System V Release 4, STREAMS was extended and used for the ...
On Unix operating systems, two other vectored call interfaces are popular: the fcntl ("file control") system call configures open files, and is used in situations such as enabling non-blocking I/O; and the setsockopt ("set socket option") system call configures open network sockets, a facility used to configure the ipfw packet firewall on BSD ...
All function calls in the API begin with the moniker WSA, e.g. WSASend() for sending data on a connected socket. However it was a design goal of Windows Sockets that it should be relatively easy for developers to port socket-based applications from Unix to Windows. It was not considered sufficient to create an API which was only useful for ...
The select and poll system calls allow a set of file descriptors to be monitored for a change of state, e.g. when data becomes available to be read. For example, consider a program that reads from a continuously updated file and displays its contents in the X Window System , which communicates with clients over a socket (either Unix domain or ...