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Bipolar disorder in children, or pediatric bipolar disorder (PBD), is a rare mental disorder in children and adolescents. The diagnosis of bipolar disorder in children has been heavily debated for many reasons including the potential harmful effects of adult bipolar medication use for children.
The primary treatment for bipolar disorder consists of medications called mood stabilizers, which are used to prevent or control episodes of mania or depression. Medications from several classes have mood stabilizing activity. Many individuals may require a combination of medication to achieve full remission of symptoms. [2]
Treating bipolar disorder in children involves medication and psychotherapy. [126] The literature and research on the effects of psychosocial therapy on bipolar spectrum disorders are scarce, making it difficult to determine the efficacy of various therapies. [162] Mood stabilizers and atypical antipsychotics are commonly prescribed. [126]
Thorazine (chlorpromazine) – a phenothiazine antipsychotic used to treat schizophrenia, bipolar mania, and behavioral disorders in children. Notably, the first antipsychotic Tofranil ( imipramine ) – a tricyclic antidepressant used to treat depression, anxiety, agitation, panic disorder and bedwetting
This is a list of psychiatric medications used by psychiatrists and other physicians to treat mental illness or distress. The list is ordered alphabetically according to the condition or conditions, then by the generic name of each medication. The list is not exhaustive and not all drugs are used regularly in all countries.
Lithium carbonate treatment was previously considered to be unsuitable for children; however, more recent studies show its effectiveness for treatment of early-onset bipolar disorder in children as young as eight.
ADHD is commonly treated with stimulant medications, but these can trigger manic episodes in people with bipolar disorder. That’s why a careful, individualized approach is crucial.
Second-generation antipsychotics, including risperidone, are effective in the treatment of manic symptoms in acute manic or mixed exacerbations of bipolar disorder. [ 25 ] [ 26 ] [ 27 ] In children and adolescents, risperidone may be more effective than lithium or valproate , but has more metabolic side effects. [ 28 ]