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Glycolipid. Glycolipids are lipids with a carbohydrate attached by a glycosidic (covalent) bond. [1] Their role is to maintain the stability of the cell membrane and to facilitate cellular recognition, which is crucial to the immune response and in the connections that allow cells to connect to one another to form tissues. [2]
Phospholipid bilayers are the main structural component of the cell membranes. In biological membranes, the phospholipids often occur with other molecules (e.g., proteins , glycolipids , sterols ) in a bilayer such as a cell membrane . [ 7 ]
The major membrane lipids PtdCho - Phosphatidylcholine; PtdEtn - Phosphatidylethanolamine; PtdIns - Phosphatidylinositol; PtdSer - Phosphatidylserine.. Membrane lipids are a group of compounds (structurally similar to fats and oils) which form the lipid bilayer of the cell membrane.
Glycerophospholipids are derived from glycerol-3-phosphate in a de novo pathway. [3] The term glycerophospholipid signifies any derivative of glycerophosphoric acid that contains at least one O-acyl, or O-alkyl, or O-alk-1'-enyl residue attached to the glycerol moiety. [4]
At the bottom is the common phospholipid phosphatidylcholine. Lipids are a broad group of organic compounds which include fats , waxes , sterols , fat-soluble vitamins (such as vitamins A , D , E and K ), monoglycerides , diglycerides , phospholipids , and others.
Fluid mosaic model of a cell membrane. The fluid mosaic model explains various characteristics regarding the structure of functional cell membranes.According to this biological model, there is a lipid bilayer (two molecules thick layer consisting primarily of amphipathic phospholipids) in which protein molecules are embedded.
Prenylation chains (e.g. geranyl pyrophosphate) Prenylated proteins are particularly important for eukaryotic cell growth, differentiation and morphology. [7] Furthermore, protein prenylation is a reversible post-translational modification to the cell membrane.
They consist of a triglyceride and cholesterol center, surrounded by a phospholipid outer shell, with the hydrophilic portions oriented outward toward the surrounding water and lipophilic portions oriented inward toward the lipid center.
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