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  2. List of musical symbols - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_musical_symbols

    Musical symbols are marks and symbols in musical notation that indicate various aspects of how a piece of music is to be performed. There are symbols to communicate information about many musical elements, including pitch, duration, dynamics, or articulation of musical notes; tempo, metre, form (e.g., whether sections are repeated), and details about specific playing techniques (e.g., which ...

  3. Terminal and nonterminal symbols - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Terminal_and_nonterminal...

    Terminal symbols are symbols that may appear in the outputs of the production rules of a formal grammar and which cannot be changed using the rules of the grammar. Applying the rules recursively to a source string of symbols will usually terminate in a final output string consisting only of terminal symbols. Consider a grammar defined by two rules.

  4. Chomsky normal form - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chomsky_normal_form

    where A, B, and C are nonterminal symbols, the letter a is a terminal symbol (a symbol that represents a constant value), S is the start symbol, and ε denotes the empty string. Also, neither B nor C may be the start symbol, and the third production rule can only appear if ε is in L(G), the language produced by the context-free grammar G.

  5. Glossary of music terminology - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glossary_of_music_terminology

    A symbol (♮) that cancels the effect of a sharp or a flat naturale (nat.) Natural (i.e. discontinue a special effect, such as col legno, sul tasto, sul ponticello, or playing in harmonics) N.C. No chord, written in the chord row of music notation to show there is no chord being played, and no implied harmony Nebenstimme (Ger.)

  6. Caesura - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caesura

    A caesura is also described by its position in a line of poetry: a caesura close to the beginning of a line is called an initial caesura, one in the middle of a line is medial, and one near the end of a line is terminal. Initial and terminal caesurae are rare in formal, Romance, and Neoclassical verse, which prefer medial caesurae.

  7. Musical notation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Musical_notation

    Braille music is a complete, well developed, and internationally accepted musical notation system that has symbols and notational conventions quite independent of print music notation. It is linear in nature, similar to a printed language and different from the two-dimensional nature of standard printed music notation.

  8. Noncontracting grammar - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Noncontracting_grammar

    A context-sensitive grammar is a noncontracting grammar in which all rules are of the form αAβ → αγβ, where A is a nonterminal, and γ is a nonempty string of nonterminal and/or terminal symbols. However, some authors use the term context-sensitive grammar to refer to noncontracting grammars in general. [1]

  9. Dal segno - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dal_segno

    A similar example showing DS al CODA. Play ⓘ The notes are to be played in this order: G A B B C' A B C. In music notation, dal segno (UK: / d æ l ˈ s ɛ n j oʊ /, US: / d ɑː l ˈ s eɪ n j oʊ /, Italian: [dal ˈseɲɲo]), often abbreviated as D.S., is used as a navigation marker.