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Cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) is an emergency procedure consisting of chest compressions often combined with artificial ventilation, or mouth to mouth in an effort to manually preserve intact brain function until further measures are taken to restore spontaneous blood circulation and breathing in a person who is in cardiac arrest.
The compression depth and force varies per patient. The chest displacement equals a 20% reduction in the anterior-posterior chest depth. The physiological duty cycle is 50%, and it runs in a 30:2, 15:2 or continuous compression mode, which is user-selectable, at a rate of 80 compressions-per-minute.
High quality cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) and early defibrillation using an automated external defibrillator (AED) are the most important aspects of BLS to ensure a patient survives. CPR involves a rescuer or bystander providing chest compressions to a patient in a supine position while also giving rescue breaths. The rescuer or ...
After defibrillation, chest compressions should be continued for two minutes before another rhythm check. [30] This is based on a compression rate of 100-120 compressions per minute, a compression depth of 5–6 centimeters into the chest, full chest recoil, and a ventilation rate of 10 breath ventilations per minute. [30]
The LUCAS can be used both in and out of the hospital setting. [6] [7] The 2015 European Resuscitation Council Guidelines for Resuscitation does not recommend using mechanical chest compression on a routine basis, but are good alternative for situations where it may be difficult or to maintain continuous high-quality compressions, or when it may be too strenuous on the medic to do so. [8]
While CPR is performed (which may involve either manual chest compressions or the use of automated equipment such as the AutoPulse or LUCAS device), members of the team consider eight forms of potentially reversible causes for cardiac arrest, commonly abbreviated as "6Hs & 5Ts" according to 2005/2010 AHA Advanced Cardiac Life Support (ACLS).
Chest compressions were commenced within 10 minutes; The cardiac arrest duration (collapse to arrival at E&TC [ambiguous]) has been < 60 minutes; The patient is aged between 12 and 70 years; There are no major co-morbidities that would preclude return to independent living; The patient is profoundly hypothermic (<32 °C) due to accidental exposure
An inspiratory impedance threshold device is a valve used in cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) to decrease intrathoracic pressure and improve venous return to the heart. . The valve is a part of a mask or other breathing device such as an endotracheal tube, and may open at high or low pressures (called "cracking pressures") [citation nee
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