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It is a polymer, primarily used for packaging (plastic bags, plastic films, geomembranes and containers including bottles, cups, jars, etc.). As of 2017 [update] , over 100 million tonnes of polyethylene resins are being produced annually, accounting for 34% of the total plastics market.
The plastic kits and covers are mostly made of synthetic polymers like polythene, and tires are manufactured from polybutadienes. [1] However, due to the environmental issues created by these synthetic polymers which are mostly non-biodegradable and often synthesized from petroleum, alternatives like bioplastics are also being considered.
Polyethylene, also called polyethene and polythene, is the world's most widely used plastic. It is primarily used to make films in packaging , carrier bags and trash liners . Linear alpha-olefins , produced by oligomerization (formation of short-chain molecules) are used as precursors , detergents , plasticisers , synthetic lubricants ...
The degradation of polyethylene occurs by random scission—a random breakage of the bonds that hold the atoms of the polymer together. When heated above 450 °C, polyethylene degrades to form a mixture of hydrocarbons. In the case of chain-end scission, monomers are released and this process is referred to as unzipping or depolymerization ...
LLDPE has penetrated almost all traditional markets for polyethylene; it is used for plastic bags and sheets (where it allows using lower thickness than comparable LDPE), plastic wrap, stretch wrap, pouches, toys, covers, lids, pipes, buckets and containers, covering of cables, geomembranes, [1] and mainly flexible tubing. In 2013, the world ...
HDPE is known for its high strength-to-density ratio. [4] The density of HDPE ranges from 930 to 970 kg/m 3. [5] Although the density of HDPE is only marginally higher than that of low-density polyethylene, HDPE has little branching, giving it stronger intermolecular forces and tensile strength (38 MPa versus 21 MPa) than LDPE. [6]
Polypropylene is commonly used in car bumpers, interior trims, and other components [19] where TiO₂ is added to improve the UV stability of the plastic, ensuring that parts do not degrade or lose color when exposed to sunlight over time. [20] Polyethylene films are widely used in agriculture for greenhouses, mulching, and silage wraps. [21]
Formation of polystyrene, a polymer with an organic backbone. Common synthetic polymers have main chains composed of carbon, i.e. C-C-C-C.... Examples include polyolefins such as polyethylene ((CH 2 CH 2 ) n ) and many substituted derivative ((CH 2 CH(R)) n ) such as polystyrene (R = C 6 H 5 ), polypropylene (R = CH 3 ), and acrylates (R = CO 2 ...