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= cross-sectional area of opening, ft² (assumes equal area for inlet and outlet) C d = Discharge coefficient for opening (typical value is 0.65) g = gravitational acceleration, around 32.2 ft/s² on Earth H d = Height from midpoint of lower opening to midpoint of upper opening, ft T I = Average indoor temperature between the inlet and outlet ...
Mean airway pressure has been shown to have a similar correlation as plateau pressure to mortality. [6]MAP is closely associated with mean alveolar pressure and shows the stresses exerted on the lung parenchyma on mechanical ventilation.
The amount of ventilation in an ETS area is equal to the amount of an ETS-free area plus the amount V, where: V = DSD × VA × A/60E V = recommended extra flow rate in CFM (L/s) DSD = design smoking density (estimated number of cigarettes smoked per hour per unit area) VA = volume of ventilation air per cigarette for the room being designed (ft ...
An area with ventilation but no perfusion (and thus a V/Q undefined though approaching infinity) is termed "dead space". [ 6 ] Of note, few conditions constitute "pure" shunt or dead space as they would be incompatible with life, and thus the term V/Q mismatch is more appropriate for conditions in between these two extremes.
In a nozzle or other constriction, the discharge coefficient (also known as coefficient of discharge or efflux coefficient) is the ratio of the actual discharge to the ideal discharge, [1] i.e., the ratio of the mass flow rate at the discharge end of the nozzle to that of an ideal nozzle which expands an identical working fluid from the same initial conditions to the same exit pressures.
However, they are seldom used as the actual basis of design or calculation. For example, residential ventilation rates are calculated based on area of the residence and number of occupants. [5] Non-residential ventilation rates are based on floor area and number of occupants, or a calculated dilution of known contaminants. [6]
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The starting point in carrying out an estimate both for cooling and heating depends on the exterior climate and interior specified conditions. However, before taking up the heat load calculation, it is necessary to find fresh air requirements for each area in detail, as pressurization is an important consideration.