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Multicystic dysplastic kidney (MCDK) is a condition that results from the malformation of the kidney during fetal development. The kidney consists of irregular cysts of varying sizes. Multicystic dysplastic kidney is a common type of renal cystic disease, and it is a cause of an abdominal mass in infants. [5]
A renal cyst is a fluid collection in or on the kidney. There are several types based on the Bosniak classification. There are several types based on the Bosniak classification. The majority are benign, simple cysts that can be monitored and not intervened upon.
A hydronephrotic kidney may present as a palpable abdominal mass in the newborn, and may suggest an ectopic ureter or ureterocele. In older children, ureteral duplication may present as: [citation needed] Urinary tract infection – most commonly due to vesicoureteral reflux (flow of urine from the bladder into the ureter, rather than vice versa).
Many forms of cystic kidney disease can be detected in children prior to birth. Abnormalities, which only affect one kidney, are unlikely to cause a problem with the healthy arrival of a baby. Abnormalities which affect both kidneys can have an effect on the baby's amniotic fluid volume, which can in turn lead to problems with lung development.
Type I is due to autosomal recessive polycystic kidney disease (ARPKD), which occurs at a frequency of approximately one in 16,000 infants. The kidneys of the fetus/neonate will be enlarged, have many small cysts filled with fluid, and will fail to produce an adequate volume of fetal urine.
Bladder outlet obstruction is included in the spectrum of congenital anomalies of the kidney and urinary tract (CAKUT). CAKUT is the most common cause of birth defects, occurring in 1 out of 1000 live births, and accounts for approximately half of all cases of chronic kidney disease and end-stage renal disease in children.
Polycystic kidney disease (PKD or PCKD, also known as polycystic kidney syndrome) is a genetic disorder [5] [6] in which the renal tubules become structurally abnormal, resulting in the development and growth of multiple cysts within the kidney. [7] These cysts may begin to develop in utero, in infancy, in childhood, or in adulthood. [8] Cysts ...
This absence of kidneys causes oligohydramnios, a deficiency of amniotic fluid in a pregnancy, which can place extra pressure on the developing baby and cause further malformations. The condition is frequently, but not always the result of a genetic disorder , and is more common in infants born to one or more parents with a malformed or absent ...