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HER2 testing is performed on breast biopsy of breast cancer patients to assess prognosis and to determine suitability for trastuzumab therapy. It is important that trastuzumab is restricted to HER2-positive individuals as it is expensive and has been associated with cardiac toxicity. [41]
Zanidatamab, sold under the brand name Ziihera, is a humanized monoclonal antibody used for the treatment of HER2-positive biliary tract cancer. [1] [2] It is an IgG-like bispecific HER2-directed antibody. [1] [2] [3] Zanidatamab is produced in Chinese hamster ovary cells. [1]
HER2-low has some HER2 proteins on the cell surface, but not enough to be classified as HER2-positive. [4] Trastuzumab deruxtecan is the first approved therapy by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) targeted to people with the HER2-low breast cancer subtype.
When a tumor is “triple positive,” that means that its growth is fueled by both estrogen and progesterone hormones, as well as a protein called human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2).
For those whose tumors are HER2-positive, adding the HER2-targeted antibody trastuzumab to chemotherapy reduces the chance of cancer recurrence and death by at least a third. [65] [66] Trastuzumab is given weekly or every three weeks for twelve months. [66] Adding a second HER2-targeted antibody, pertuzumab slightly enhances treatment efficacy ...
HER2-positive tumors may be treated with the targeted medical therapy (e.g., trastuzumab). Further information: Breast cancer management and Breast cancer § Management Treatment of non-metastatic invasive breast cancer can vary based on staging, usually early stage (stages I and II) versus locally advanced (stage III).
This difference is particularly useful for HER-2/neu because it has been found that gene amplification is of higher prognostic value than protein expression. [17] A disadvantage of IHC is that it is not possible to identify false-negative and false-positive results. [17] In CISH, if there is no signal for the reference probe, the assay has failed.
The epidermal growth factor receptor is a member of the ErbB family of receptors, a subfamily of four closely related receptor tyrosine kinases: EGFR (ErbB-1), HER2/neu (ErbB-2), Her 3 (ErbB-3) and Her 4 (ErbB-4). In many cancer types, mutations affecting EGFR expression or activity could result in cancer. [6]
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