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Generally, deviation from normal sinus rhythm is considered a cardiac arrhythmia. Thus, the first question in interpreting an ECG is whether or not there is a sinus rhythm. A criterion for sinus rhythm is that P waves and QRS complexes appear 1-to-1, thus implying that the P wave causes the QRS complex. [50]
A sinus rhythm is any cardiac rhythm in which depolarisation of the cardiac muscle begins at the sinus node. [1] It is necessary, but not sufficient, for normal electrical activity within the heart. [2] On the electrocardiogram (ECG), a sinus rhythm is characterised by the presence of P waves that are normal in morphology. [2]
This sinus rhythm is important because it ensures that the heart's atria reliably contract before the ventricles, ensuring as optimal stroke volume and cardiac output. [4] In junctional rhythm, however, the sinoatrial node does not control the heart's rhythm – this can happen in the case of a block in conduction somewhere along the pathway ...
Rhythm interpretation is an important part of healthcare in Emergency Medical Services . Trained medical personnel can determine different treatment options based on the cardiac rhythm of a patient. There are many common heart rhythms that are part of a few different categories, sinus arrhythmia , atrial arrhythmia, ventricular arrhythmia .
Schematic representation of a normal sinus rhythm EKG wave. In electrocardiography, the PR interval is the period, measured in milliseconds, that extends from the beginning of the P wave (the onset of atrial depolarization) until the beginning of the QRS complex (the onset of ventricular depolarization); it is normally between 120 and 200 ms in duration.
The sound occurs just after atrial contraction at the end of diastole and immediately before S1, producing a rhythm sometimes referred to as the "Tennessee" gallop where S4 represents the "Ten-" syllable. [2] It is best heard at the cardiac apex with the patient in the left lateral decubitus position and holding their breath.
Cardiac diastole is the period of the cardiac cycle when, after contraction, the heart relaxes and expands while refilling with blood returning from the circulatory system. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] Both atrioventricular (AV) valves open to facilitate the 'unpressurized' flow of blood directly through the atria into both ventricles, where it is collected for ...
Schematic representation of a normal sinus rhythm ECG wave. Diagram showing how the polarity of the QRS complex in leads I, II, and III can be used to estimate the heart's electrical axis in the frontal plane. The QRS complex is the combination of three of the graphical deflections seen on a typical electrocardiogram (ECG or EKG). It is usually ...
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