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The Anglo-Zulu War was fought in present-day South Africa from January to early July 1879 between forces of the British Empire and the Zulu Kingdom.Two famous battles of the war were the Zulu victory at Isandlwana and the British defence at Rorke's Drift.
Wood c.1879. British forces invaded Zululand in January 1879, during the Anglo-Zulu War.The advance was made in three columns, a left column under Lieutenant-Colonel Evelyn Wood, a centre column under Lieutenant-General Frederic Thesiger, 2nd Baron Chelmsford and a right column under Colonel Charles Pearson.
The British government was concerned that the Zulu victory could inspire imperial unrest, particularly among the Boers, and as such sought to quash any such possibilities by swiftly defeating the Zulu Kingdom. [115] [113] [116] After Isandlwana, the British field army in South Africa was heavily reinforced and again invaded Zululand.
The British established the camp as a fortified base, known as Fort Newdigate, to support the advance further into Zululand. [7] A further raid on Zungeni was mounted on 8 June by a force of lancers, dragoons and two 7-pounder artillery pieces. This drove off a force of Zulu and burnt many homesteads. [17]
The Battle of Ulundi took place at the Zulu capital of Ulundi (Zulu: oNdini) on 4 July 1879 and was the last major battle of the Anglo-Zulu War.The British army broke the military power of the Zulu nation by defeating the main Zulu army and immediately afterwards capturing and burning the royal kraal of oNdini.
The Last Stand at Isandlwana depicts the 1879 battle of Isandlwana, the first major engagement of the Anglo-Zulu war between the British Empire and the Zulu Kingdom.Having invaded Zululand, the British Army under lord Chelmsford suffered a major defeat at Isandlwana, partially mitigated by the successful defense of Rorke's Drift of the same day.
The Anglo-Zulu war resulted in the absorption of traditional Zululand into the British Cape Colony. The second conflict also involved Zulu and British colonials. Bambatha, a leader of the Zondi clan led a rebellion against British authority in the Natal province. The rebellion was suppressed by British colonial forces.
The incident was seized upon by Sir Henry Bartle Frere, the British high commissioner for Southern Africa, as a pretext for war with the Zulu, and reparations for the incident formed part of his December 1878 ultimatum to the Zulu king Cetshwayo. British forces invaded Zululand on 11 January 1879, following the expiry of the ultimatum.