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Vasculitis, peripheral arterial vascular disease, and lower extremity chronic venous insufficiency are the most frequent conditions to be taken into account during the differential diagnosis process. Peripheral artery diseases are diagnosed with the help of clinical signs, abnormal arterial Doppler ultrasound findings, and the ankle-brachial ...
Peripheral artery disease (PAD) is a form of peripheral vascular disease. Vascular refers to both the arteries and veins within the body. PAD differs from peripheral veinous disease. PAD means the arteries are narrowed or blocked—the vessels that carry oxygen-rich blood as it moves away from the heart to other parts of the body.
Characteristic signs and symptoms include: Skin rash: The most prominent feature is a reddish-purple rash that appears on the lower legs, typically below the knees and above the ankles. The rash is often described as blotchy, mottled, or net-like (reticular in appearance). [6] [7] In some cases, the rash may extend to the dorsum of the feet. [8]
Other symptoms to note: Drug rashes can be a side effect of or a reaction to a new medication; almost any medication can cause a drug rash, but antibiotics and NSAIDs are the most common culprits ...
Sneddon's syndrome is a progressive, noninflammatory arteriopathy leading to the characteristic skin condition and to cerebrovascular problems, including stroke, transient ischemic attack (TIA), severe but transient neurological symptoms thought to be caused by cerebral vasospasm, coronary disease and early-onset dementia.
Patients may show up at the emergency room with life-threatening symptoms (such as massive hemoptysis or renal failure) or with nonspecific signs and symptoms (such as a rash, fever, myalgia, arthralgia, malaise, or weight loss) at their family physician's office. The size, location, and extent of the vessels involved all affect the manifestations.
Medium vessel vasculitis (MVV) is a type of vasculitis that mostly affects the medium arteries, which are the major arteries that supply the viscera and their branches. Any size artery could be impacted, though. [33] The two primary types are polyarteritis nodosa (PAN) and Kawasaki disease (KD). [8]
Livedo reticularis is a common skin finding consisting of a mottled reticulated vascular pattern that appears as a lace-like purplish discoloration of the skin. [1] The discoloration is caused by reduction in blood flow through the arterioles that supply the cutaneous capillaries, resulting in deoxygenated blood showing as blue discoloration ().