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The prime meridian of Mars was established in 1971 [35] and passes through the center of the crater Airy-0, although it is fixed by the longitude of the Viking 1 lander, which is defined to be 47.95137°W. [36] The prime meridian on Ceres runs through the Kait crater, which was arbitrarily chosen because it is near the equator (about 2° south ...
Shetland lies 1° W of the prime meridian. Before the establishment of a common meridian, most maritime countries established their own prime meridian, usually passing through the country in question. In 1721, Great Britain established its own meridian passing through an early transit circle at the newly established Royal Observatory at ...
Countries and territories that are intersected by the Equator (red) or the Prime Meridian (blue), which intersect at "Null Island". The Equator during the boreal winter, spanning from December to March. The equator is a circle of latitude that divides a spheroid, such as Earth, into the Northern and Southern hemispheres.
The IDL is roughly based on the meridian of 180° longitude, roughly down the middle of the Pacific Ocean, and halfway around the world from the IERS Reference Meridian, the successor to the historic Greenwich prime meridian running through the Royal Greenwich Observatory. In many places, the IDL follows the 180° meridian exactly.
The 180th meridian or antimeridian [1] is the meridian 180° both east and west of the prime meridian in a geographical coordinate system. The longitude at this line can be given as either east or west. On Earth, the prime and 180th meridians form a great circle that divides the planet into the Western and Eastern Hemispheres.
This is a list of countries by easternmost point on land (dependent territories included). The order does not always reflect how close a country's territory is to the 180th meridian. Russia, Fiji, and Antarctica are notable exceptions because the 180th meridian passes through them.
Latitude Locations 90° N North Pole: 75° N: Arctic Ocean; Russia; northern Canada; Greenland: 60° N: Oslo, Norway; Helsinki, Finland; Stockholm, Sweden; major parts of Nordic countries in EU; St. Petersburg, Russia; southern Alaska United States; southern border of the Yukon and the Northwest territories in Canada; Shetland, UK (Scotland)
Countries that touch the Equator (red) and the Prime Meridian (blue). The IERS Reference Meridian (IRM), also called the International Reference Meridian, is the prime meridian (0° longitude) maintained by the International Earth Rotation and Reference Systems Service (IERS).