Search results
Results from the WOW.Com Content Network
The equilibrium constant of a chemical reaction is the value of its reaction quotient at chemical equilibrium, a state approached by a dynamic chemical system after sufficient time has elapsed at which its composition has no measurable tendency towards further change. For a given set of reaction conditions, the equilibrium constant is ...
In general, solving these nonlinear equations presents a formidable challenge because of the huge range over which the free concentrations may vary. At the beginning, values for the free concentrations must be estimated. Then, these values are refined, usually by means of Newton–Raphson iterations. The logarithms of the free concentrations ...
When pure substances (liquids or solids) are involved in equilibria their activities do not appear in the equilibrium constant [14] because their numerical values are considered one. Applying the general formula for an equilibrium constant to the specific case of a dilute solution of acetic acid in water one obtains CH 3 CO 2 H + H 2 O ⇌ CH 3 ...
A chemical reaction may undergo different reaction mechanisms at different temperatures. [13] In this case, a Van 't Hoff plot with two or more linear fits may be exploited. Each linear fit has a different slope and intercept, which indicates different changes in enthalpy and entropy for each distinct mechanisms.
These calculations find application in many different areas of chemistry, biology, medicine, and geology. For example, many compounds used for medication are weak acids or bases, and a knowledge of the p K a values, together with the octanol-water partition coefficient , can be used for estimating the extent to which the compound enters the ...
In chemistry, biochemistry, and pharmacology, a dissociation constant (K D) is a specific type of equilibrium constant that measures the propensity of a larger object to separate (dissociate) reversibly into smaller components, as when a complex falls apart into its component molecules, or when a salt splits up into its component ions.
The reaction proceeds in the forward direction (towards larger values of Q r) when Δ r G < 0 or in the reverse direction (towards smaller values of Q r) when Δ r G > 0. Eventually, as the reaction mixture reaches chemical equilibrium, the activities of the components (and thus the reaction quotient) approach constant values.
An equivalent (symbol: officially equiv; [1] unofficially but often Eq [2]) is the amount of a substance that reacts with (or is equivalent to) an arbitrary amount (typically one mole) of another substance in a given chemical reaction. It is an archaic quantity that was used in chemistry and the biological sciences (see Equivalent weight § In ...