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A chemical pregnancy is a pregnancy that was detected by testing but ends in miscarriage before or around the time of the next expected period. [64] Chromosomal abnormalities are found in more than half of embryos miscarried in the first 13 weeks.
The risk of pregnancy loss increased by 3% with each additional cup of coffee consumed during pregnancy. There was also an increased risk of pregnancy loss of 14-26% with the consumption of an additional 100 mg of caffeine (coffee, tea, soda, cacao) per day during pregnancy. This increased risk was not seen if the caffeine products were ...
While some complications improve or are fully resolved after pregnancy, some may lead to lasting effects, morbidity, or in the most severe cases, maternal or fetal mortality. [1] [2] [3] Common complications of pregnancy include anemia, gestational diabetes, infections, gestational hypertension and pre-eclampsia.
Postterm pregnancy is when a woman has not yet delivered her baby after 42 weeks of gestation, two weeks beyond the typical 40-week duration of pregnancy. [1] Postmature births carry risks for both the mother and the baby, including fetal malnutrition, meconium aspiration syndrome , and stillbirths . [ 2 ]
1.3% of abortions occur after 21 weeks of pregnancy in the US. Although it is very uncommon, women undergoing surgical abortion after this gestational age sometimes give birth to a fetus that may survive briefly. [55] [56] [57] The periviable period is considered to be between 20 and 25 weeks gestation. [58]
The decision to perform an induction must be made after weighing the risks and benefits, but is safer after 39 weeks. [17] Events after 42 weeks are considered postterm. [62] When a pregnancy exceeds 42 weeks, the risk of complications for both the woman and the fetus increases significantly.
The postpartum period can be divided into three distinct stages; the initial or acute phase, 8–19 hours after childbirth; subacute postpartum period, which lasts two to six weeks, and the delayed postpartum period, which can last up to six months. [5] In the subacute postpartum period, 87% to 94% of women report at least one health problem.
Short inter-pregnancy interval after a prior C-section can be a contraindication for having a vaginal birth after a prior C-section . In one study inter-pregnancy intervals shorter than 6 months were associated with 2-3 times increased risk of uterine rupture , major morbidity , and blood transfusion during vaginal delivery in mothers with at ...