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  2. Somali National Movement - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Somali_National_Movement

    The Somali National Movement (Somali: Dhaqdhaqaaqa Wadaniga Soomaaliyeed, Arabic: الحركة الوطنية الصومالية) was one of the first and most important organized guerilla groups and Mujahideen [4] groups that opposed the Siad Barre regime in the 1980s to the 1990s, as well as being the main anti-government faction during the Somaliland War of Independence. [5]

  3. Bombardment of Burao and Hargeisa 1988 - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bombardment_of_Burao_and...

    The destruction of Hargeisa and Burao (Somali: duqayntii Hargeysa iyo Burco) occurred in 1988 during the Somali Civil War.It was part of a counteroffensive launched by the Somali government under President Mohamed Siad Barre against the Somali National Movement (SNM), an opposition group active in northern Somalia (modern-day Somaliland).

  4. Abdillahi Askar - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abdillahi_Askar

    In 1981, the Somali National Movement (SNM) was founded in London, England, with the goal of opposing the Somali dictatorship. [citation needed] Shortly after the establishment of the SNM, SNM military bases were created in Gashamo and Aware, and Askar became commander of one of the bases in the Aware area. The deputy commander was Dayib Gurey.

  5. Arap - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arap

    Former Deputy chair of SNM, First vice president of Somaliland. [9] Dayib Gurey - was a senior SNM senior commander who led the invasion. Edna Adan Ismail - The first Somali woman to study in Britain, first qualified nurse-midwife, and former foreign minister of Somaliland. [14]

  6. Muse Bihi Abdi - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muse_Bihi_Abdi

    Musa Bihi Abdi (Somali: Muuse Biixi Cabdi, Arabic: موسى بيحي عبدي; born 16 June 1948) [2] is a Somaliland politician and former military officer who served as the 5th President of Somaliland from 2017 to 2024. During the 1970s, he served as a pilot in the Somali Air Force under the Siad Barre administration.

  7. 1988 Hargeisa-Burao offensive - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1988_Hargeisa-Burao_offensive

    A United States Congressional General Accounting Office team reported the Somali government's response to the SNM attack as follows: The Somali army reportedly responded to the SNM attacks in May 1988 with extreme force, inflicting heavy civilian casualties and damages to Hargeisa and Burao....The Somali military resorted to using artillery and ...

  8. House of Elders (Somaliland) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/House_of_Elders_(Somaliland)

    In 1991, the Somali National Movement (SNM), which was mainly led by the Isaaq clans in northwestern Somalia, declared the establishment of the Republic of Somaliland. However, the military factions were unable to unite the country under their rule, and in 1993, the SNM asked the elders of the clans to mediate between the factions. [11] [12]

  9. President of Somaliland - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/President_of_Somaliland

    The president is also commander-in-chief of the Somaliland Armed Forces. The president represents the Government of Somaliland. The first president of Somaliland was Abdirahman Ahmed Ali Tuur. The current office-holder is the 6th president Abdirahman Mohamed Abdullahi, who took office on 12 December 2024. The President can serve a maximum of ...