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  2. Dry distillation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dry_distillation

    Dry distillation is the heating of solid materials to produce gaseous products (which may condense into liquids or solids). The method may involve pyrolysis or thermolysis, or it may not (for instance, a simple mixture of ice and glass could be separated without breaking any chemical bonds, but organic matter contains a greater diversity of molecules, some of which are likely to break).

  3. Oxalyl chloride - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oxalyl_chloride

    Oxalyl chloride reacts with water giving off gaseous products only: hydrogen chloride (HCl), carbon dioxide (CO 2), and carbon monoxide (CO). (COCl) 2 + H 2 O → 2 HCl + CO 2 + CO. In this, it is quite different from other acyl chlorides which hydrolyze with formation of hydrogen chloride and the original carboxylic acid. [citation needed]

  4. Mesitylene - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mesitylene

    [10] Uvitic acid is obtained by oxidizing mesitylene or by condensing pyruvic acid with baryta water. [11] The Gattermann reaction can be simplified by replacing the HCN/AlCl 3 combination with zinc cyanide (Zn(CN) 2). [12] Although it is highly toxic, Zn(CN) 2 is a solid, making it safer to work with than gaseous hydrogen cyanide (HCN). [13]

  5. Oxalic acid - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oxalic_acid

    Oxalic acid is an organic acid with the systematic name ethanedioic acid and chemical formula HO−C(=O)−C(=O)−OH, also written as (COOH) 2 or (CO 2 H) 2 or H 2 C 2 O 4. It is the simplest dicarboxylic acid. It is a white crystalline solid that forms a colorless solution in water.

  6. Phytochemistry - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phytochemistry

    Phytochemistry is the study of phytochemicals, which are chemicals derived from plants.Phytochemists strive to describe the structures of the large number of secondary metabolites found in plants, the functions of these compounds in human and plant biology, and the biosynthesis of these compounds.

  7. Dimethylformamide - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dimethylformamide

    Dimethylformamide, DMF is an organic compound with the chemical formula H C O N(CH 3) 2.Its structure is HC(=O)−N(−CH 3) 2.Commonly abbreviated as DMF (although this initialism is sometimes used for dimethylfuran, or dimethyl fumarate), this colourless liquid is miscible with water and the majority of organic liquids.

  8. Acetone - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acetone

    Acetone (2-propanone or dimethyl ketone) is an organic compound with the formula (CH 3) 2 CO. [22] It is the simplest and smallest ketone ( >C=O ). It is a colorless, highly volatile , and flammable liquid with a characteristic pungent odour, very reminiscent of the smell of pear drops .

  9. N-Methyl-2-pyrrolidone - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/N-Methyl-2-pyrrolidone

    N-Methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP) is an organic compound consisting of a 5-membered lactam. It is a colorless liquid, although impure samples can appear yellow. It is miscible with water and with most common organic solvents. It also belongs to the class of dipolar aprotic solvents such as dimethylformamide and dimethyl sulfoxide.