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In the United States "special needs" is a legal term applying in foster care, derived from the language in the Adoption and Safe Families Act of 1997. It is a diagnosis used to classify children as needing more services than those children without special needs who are in the foster care system.
Required states to make adoption assistance payments, which take into account the circumstances of the adopting parents and the child, to parents who adopt a child who is Aid to Families with Dependent Children (AFDC)-eligible and is a child with special needs. Defined a child with special needs as a child who: Cannot be returned to the parent ...
Parents will need to document the child has special needs, and this documentation can include the adoption assistance/adoption subsidy agreement, a letter from the state/county approving the child for adoption assistance/adoption subsidy, or a letter from the state/county child welfare agency stating that the child has special needs. See ...
These children are often said to require "special-needs adoption." In this context, "special needs" can include situations where children have specific chronic medical problems, mental health issues, behavioral problems, and/or learning disabilities. In some cases, sibling groups and older children qualify as "special needs."
One of the main arguments used against same-sex adoption is that a child needs a mother and a father in the home to develop properly. However, a 2013 study of predictors for psychological outcomes of adoptees showed that family type (hetero, gay, lesbian) does not affect the child's adjustment; rather the preparedness of the adoptive parent(s ...
In response to rising numbers of children in foster care, Children's Bureau grants during the 1970s investigated in-home services to strengthen families, family-centered casework, permanency planning, family reunification, the needs of children living with relatives, and how to remove barriers to adoption for children with special needs.
The Adoption tax credit has provided tax credits continuously since 1997. Special needs adoptions qualify for the maximum tax credit even if no qualified adoption expenses are incurred. Section 36C of the United States Internal Revenue code offers a credit for "qualified adoption expenses" paid or incurred by individual taxpayers. [2]
[3] [4] [5] They provide interim care for infants as the biological parents make a plan for the child's future, [6] and also specialize in the adoption of older children, sibling groups and children with special needs. [7] Spence-Chapin's roots can be traced to the work of Clara Spence [8] [9] and Dr. and Mrs. Henry Dwight Chapin.