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Islamic calendar stamp issued at King Khalid International Airport on 10 Rajab 1428 AH (24 July 2007 CE). The Hijri calendar (Arabic: ٱلتَّقْوِيم ٱلْهِجْرِيّ, romanized: al-taqwīm al-hijrī), or Arabic calendar, also known in English as the Muslim calendar and Islamic calendar, is a lunar calendar consisting of 12 lunar months in a year of 354 or 355 days.
A year in the Islamic lunar calendar consists of twelve lunar months and has only 354 or 355 days in its year. Consequently, its New Year's Day occurs ten days earlier each year relative to the Gregorian calendar. The year 2024 CE corresponds to the Islamic years AH 1445 – 1446; AH 1446 corresponds to 2024 – 2025 in the Common Era. [a]
The Islamic calendar is based on the synodic period of the Moon's revolution around the Earth, approximately 29 1 ⁄ 2 days. The Islamic calendar alternates months of 29 and 30 days (which begin with the new moon). Twelve of these months make up an Islamic year, which is 11 days shorter than the Gregorian year.
The Islamic calendar is a lunar one, where each month begins when the first crescent of a new moon is sighted. The Islamic year consists of 12 lunar cycles, and consequently it is 10 to 11 days shorter than the solar year, and as it contains no intercalation, [a] Ramadan migrates throughout the seasons. The Islamic day starts after sunset.
The Islamic calendar is a lunar calendar, and months begin when new moon is sighted. Since the Islamic lunar calendar year is 11 to 12 days shorter than the solar year, Dhu al-Hijjah migrates throughout the seasons. The estimated start and end dates for Dhu al-Hijja, based on the Umm al-Qura calendar of Saudi Arabia, are: [2]
The Tabular Islamic calendar, a rule-based variation of the Islamic calendar. It has the same numbering of years and months, but the months are determined by arithmetical rules rather than by observation or astronomical calculations. In Iran The Solar Hijri calendar, whose year begins at the moment of the Spring equinox in the northern hemisphere.
This is a list of Hijri years (Latin: anno Hegirae or AH) with the corresponding common era years where applicable. For Hijri years since 1297 AH (1879/1881 CE), the Gregorian date of 1 Muharram, the first day of the year in the Islamic calendar, is given.
Date on Islamic Calendar Gregorian date Name Notes Muharram: August 30 - September 29, 2019 Muharram (alternative spellings here) 1st Month of the Islamic calendar, can be either 29 or 30 days. 1 Muharram August 31, 2019 Islamic New Year: 1-10 Muharram August 31-September 9, 2019 Bibi-Ka-Alam: event held in Hyderabad, India: 2 Muharram ...