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Reducing form of glucose (the aldehyde group is on the far right) A reducing sugar is any sugar that is capable of acting as a reducing agent. [1] In an alkaline solution, a reducing sugar forms some aldehyde or ketone, which allows it to act as a reducing agent, for example in Benedict's reagent. In such a reaction, the sugar becomes a ...
Intravenous sugar solution, also known as dextrose solution, is a mixture of dextrose (glucose) and water. [1] It is used to treat low blood sugar or water loss without electrolyte loss. [ 2 ] Water loss without electrolyte loss may occur in fever , hyperthyroidism , high blood calcium , or diabetes insipidus . [ 2 ]
In all glucose polymers, from the native starch to glucose syrup, the molecular chain ends with a reducing sugar, containing a free aldehyde in its linear form. As the starch is hydrolysed, the molecules become shorter and more reducing sugars are present. Therefore, the dextrose equivalent describes the degree of conversion of starch to dextrose.
This is also called dextrose, or grape sugar because drying grape juice produces crystals of dextrose that can be sieved from the other components. [75] Glucose syrup is a liquid form of glucose that is widely used in the manufacture of foodstuffs. It can be manufactured from starch by enzymatic hydrolysis. [76]
Both families are glucose polymers (also called dextrose polymers or dextrins), but have little chemical or nutritional similarity. [2] The digestible maltodextrins (or simply maltodextrins) are manufactured as white solids derived from chemical processing of plant starches.
For many monosaccharides (including glucose), the cyclic forms predominate, in the solid state and in solutions, and therefore the same name commonly is used for the open- and closed-chain isomers. Thus, for example, the term "glucose" may signify glucofuranose, glucopyranose, the open-chain form, or a mixture of the three.
Sucrose [1] – often called white sugar, granulated sugar, or table sugar, is a disaccharide chemical that naturally contains glucose and fructose. Commercial products are made from sugarcane juice or sugar beet juice. Sugarcane, which contains a high concentration of sucrose; Sweet sorghum [1] Syrup [1] Table syrup
For example, milk sugar (lactose) is a disaccharide made by condensation of one molecule of each of the monosaccharides glucose and galactose, whereas the disaccharide sucrose in sugar cane and sugar beet, is a condensation product of glucose and fructose. Maltose, another common disaccharide, is condensed from two glucose molecules. [7]