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  2. Good and evil - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Good_and_evil

    According to the classical definition of Augustine of Hippo, sin is "a word, deed, or desire in opposition to the eternal law of God." [ 15 ] Many medieval Christian theologians both broadened and narrowed the basic concept of Good and evil until it came to have several, sometimes complex definitions [ 16 ] such as:

  3. Agnosticism - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agnosticism

    According to a 2012 report by the Pew Research Center, agnostics made up 3.3% of the US adult population. [84] In the U.S. Religious Landscape Survey , conducted by the Pew Research Center, 55% of agnostic respondents expressed "a belief in God or a universal spirit", [ 85 ] whereas 41% stated that they thought that they felt a tension "being ...

  4. Apophatic theology - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apophatic_theology

    Negative theology has a place in the Western Christian tradition as well. The 9th-century theologian John Scotus Erigena wrote: We do not know what God is. God Himself does not know what He is because He is not anything [i.e., "not any created thing"]. Literally God is not, because He transcends being. [80]

  5. Deism - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deism

    Deism (/ ˈ d iː ɪ z əm / DEE-iz-əm [1] [2] or / ˈ d eɪ. ɪ z əm / DAY-iz-əm; derived from the Latin term deus, meaning "god") [3] [4] is the philosophical position and rationalistic theology [5] that generally rejects revelation as a source of divine knowledge and asserts that empirical reason and observation of the natural world are exclusively logical, reliable, and sufficient to ...

  6. Pascal's wager - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pascal's_wager

    Pascal's mugging, a dialogue written by philosopher Nick Bostrom, shows that a rational victim can be made to give up his wallet in exchange for a weakly credible promise of astronomical repayment. [53] As in Pascal's Wager, a small but certain downside is outweighed by a large but unlikely upside.

  7. God - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/God

    God is often conceived as the greatest entity in existence. [1] God is often believed to be the cause of all things and so is seen as the creator, sustainer, and ruler of the universe. God is often thought of as incorporeal and independent of the material creation, [1] [5] [6] while pantheism holds that God is the

  8. Conceptions of God - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conceptions_of_God

    In the ancient Greek philosophical Hermetica, the ultimate reality is called by many names, such as God, Lord, Father, Mind , the Creator, the All, the One, etc. [1] However, peculiar to the Hermetic view of the divinity is that it is both the all (Greek: to pan) and the creator of the all: all created things pre-exist in God, [2] and God is ...

  9. Pantheism - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pantheism

    Pantheism is the philosophical and religious belief that reality, the universe, and nature are identical to divinity or a supreme entity. [1] The physical universe is thus understood as an immanent deity, still expanding and creating, which has existed since the beginning of time. [2]