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Their common name (dark or black bee) is derived from their brown-black color, with only a few lighter yellow spots on the abdomen. [10] On a pigmentation rating from 0 (completely dark) to 9 (completely bright yellow) the A. m. mellifera scores 2.1, for comparison a A. m. carnica scores a 1.3 and a A. m. ligustica scores a 7.8. [11]
Solitary bees tend to be gregarious and often several nests of solitary bees are near each other. In solitary nesting, the founding bee forages, builds cells, lays the eggs, and guards. Normally, only one generation of bees live in the nest. [9] Xylocopa pubescens is one carpenter bee species that can have both social and solitary nests. [9]
The larger and darker the bee, the better it does in colder environments. The color of the bee also influences where it tends to forage, either in sunlight or under the forest canopy. Trigona corvina is a midsized, black bee with a passive cooling rate of .32 °C/s. This is important because their foraging and nesting locations are often based ...
There are reports of the honey bee, Apis mellifera, having negative effects on X. californica populations. The carpenter bees are attracted to the floral scents of the honey produced by the honey bees; X. californica may come near or inside their hives and get attacked by the hive resulting in the death of the carpenter bee. [16]
Xylocopa latipes, the broad-handed carpenter bee, [1] is a species of carpenter bee widely dispersed throughout Southeast Asia. This bee inhabits forests and constructs nests by burrowing into wood. It often makes long deep tunnels in wooden rafters, fallen trees, telephone poles, etc., but is not found in living trees. [2]
Xylocopa sonorina, the valley carpenter bee or Hawaiian carpenter bee, [2] is a species of carpenter bee found from western Texas to northern California, [3] and the eastern Pacific islands. [4] Females are black while males are golden-brown with green eyes.
The ashy mining bee (Andrena cineraria), also known as the Danubian miner or grey mining bee, is a species of sand bee found in Europe. [1] [2] Its distinctive black, grey and white colouring makes it one of the most easily recognized of the genus. [3]
Apis karinjodian, the Indian black honey bee, is a species of genus Apis which was reported recently from India. [1] The currently known distribution of A. karinjodian covers nearly the entire Central to Southern Western Ghats, where it is endemic, and includes the ghat regions in the states of Kerala, Tamilnadu, Karnataka and Goa.