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Pope Pius XII's response to the Roman razzia (Italian for roundup), or mass deportation of Jews, on October 16, 1943, is a significant issue relating to Pope Pius XII and the Holocaust. Under Mussolini , no policy of abduction of Jews had been implemented in Italy.
The Jews of the Papal States, numbering 15,000 or so in 1858, [5] were grateful to Pope Pius IX because he had ended the long-standing legal obligation for them to attend sermons in church four times a year, based on that week's Torah portion and aimed at their conversion to Christianity. [9]
My Dad is the Pope, I would like to live with my family, if only they would become Christian, and I pray that they will." [9] In 1870, as Don Pius Mortara, an ordained Catholic priest, Edgardo Mortara entered a monastery in Poitiers, France [10] and later spoke out in favor of the beatification of Pope Pius IX, calling the pope "my father" once ...
Pope Pius IX (Italian: Pio IX; né Giovanni Maria Mastai-Ferretti; [a] 13 May 1792 – 7 February 1878) was head of the Catholic Church from 1846 to 1878. His reign of nearly 32 years is the longest of any pope in history.
Pope Pius VII (Italian: Pio VII; born Barnaba Niccolò Maria Luigi Chiaramonti; [a] 14 August 1742 – 20 August 1823) was head of the Catholic Church from 14 March 1800 to his death in August 1823. He ruled the Papal States from June 1800 to 17 May 1809 and again from 1814 to his death.
Pope Pius XII (born Eugenio Maria Giuseppe Giovanni Pacelli, Italian pronunciation: [euˈdʒɛːnjo maˈriːa dʒuˈzɛppe dʒoˈvanni paˈtʃɛlli]; 2 March 1876 – 9 October 1958) was head of the Catholic Church and sovereign of the Vatican City State from 2 March 1939 until his death in October 1958.
With the blessing of Pope Pius IX, he founded the Missionary Society of St. Paul the Apostle, now known as the Paulist Fathers, in New York on July 7, 1858. The Society was established to evangelize both believers and non-believers to convert America to the Catholic Church.
Pius XII was crowned Pope of the Catholic Church on 2 March 1939, and was thus leader of the Church and of the Vatican City, a neutral state, during all of World War II. During Pius's reign, and for several years after his death in 1958, he was praised by political leaders, civilians, and the press.