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The Act recognises Māori land as taonga tuku iho, a treasure to be handed down. The Māori Land Court promotes the retention and use of Māori land; and facilitates the occupation, development and use of that land. [14] In pre-European times, the system of Māori land ownership was based on rights to occupy and use ancestral land.
Applicants to the Māori Land Court could apply to have land vested in trustee ownership. The Maori Affairs Amendment Act 1967 introduced compulsory conversion of Māori freehold land with four or fewer owners into general land. It increased the powers of the Māori Trustee to compulsorily acquire and sell so-called uneconomic interests in ...
[3] [4] In the English version, Māori ceded the sovereignty of New Zealand to Britain; Māori gave the Crown the exclusive right to purchase lands they wished to sell, and, in return, Māori were guaranteed full ownership of their lands, forests, fisheries and other possessions and were given the rights of British subjects.
The Native Lands Act 1865 was an Act of Parliament in New Zealand that was designed to remove land from Māori ownership for purchase by settlers as part of settler colonisation. [1] The act established the Native Land Courts , individualised ownership interests in Māori land replacing customary communal ownership and allowed up to 5% of ...
Māori land trusts are a type of legal governance structure [3] by which multiple owners of Māori land can manage their land. Under any trust, whether a Māori land trust or a private family trust, one or more people – the "trustees" – are the legal owners of the land or other property, but they have a special obligation to look after this ...
The Māori Land Court determined that it could consider the issue, but was overruled by the High Court. On 19 June 2003, New Zealand's Court of Appeal ruled in Ngati Apa v Attorney-General, amongst other matters, that: "The definition of 'land' in Te Ture Whenua Maori Act 1993 did not necessarily exclude foreshore and seabed"; [2]
Te Ture Whenua Māori Act replaced the Maori Affairs Act 1953 [4] and is administered by Te Puni Kōkiri (the Ministry of Māori Development). [5] Under previous acts, like the Native Act 1894, any communally owned Māori land could be converted to freehold land (sometimes automatically).
The legislation specified that the land be held in trust "for the common benefit of Ngā Mana Whenua o Tāmaki Makaurau and the other people of Auckland". The Tūpuna Taonga Trust is the legal entity set up to receive the cultural redress over the maunga on behalf of the collective, with a primary focus of "enduring protection and appropriate ...