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Salicylic acid is a phenolic phytohormone, and is found in plants with roles in plant growth and development, photosynthesis, transpiration, and ion uptake and transport. [53] Salicylic acid is involved in endogenous signaling, mediating plant defense against pathogens. [54]
Salicylic acid as a medication is used to help remove the outer layer of the skin. [1] As such it is used to treat warts, calluses, psoriasis, dandruff, acne, ringworm, and ichthyosis. [1] [2] Because of its effect on skin cells, salicylic acid is used in some shampoos to treat dandruff. [medical citation needed]
Sodium salicylate is a sodium salt of salicylic acid. It can be prepared from sodium phenolate and carbon dioxide under higher temperature and pressure. Historically, it has been synthesized by refluxing methyl salicylate (wintergreen oil) with an excess of sodium hydroxide. [4]
Methyl salicylate (oil of wintergreen or wintergreen oil) is an organic compound with the formula C 8 H 8 O 3.It is the methyl ester of salicylic acid.It is a colorless, viscous liquid with a sweet, fruity odor reminiscent of root beer (in which it is used as a flavoring), [4] but often associatively called "minty", as it is an ingredient in mint candies. [5]
Ethyl salicylate is the ester formed by the condensation of salicylic acid and ethanol. It is a clear liquid that is sparingly soluble in water, but soluble in alcohol and ether. It has a pleasant odor resembling wintergreen and is used in perfumery and artificial flavors. [3]
It is synthesized by heating salicylic acid with phenol in the presence of phosphoryl chloride. [4] It also arises from heating salicylic acid: [5] 2 HOC 6 H 4 CO 2 H → C 6 H 5 O 2 C 6 H 4 OH + CO 2 + H 2 O. The conversion entails dehydration and decarboxylation. Heating phenyl salicylate in turn gives xanthone. [6] [3]
PubChem CID. 5146; UNII: FA1N0842KB ... is the precursor of salicylic acid. [6] It is formed from salicin by enzymatic hydrolysis by Salicyl-alcohol beta-D ...
Aspirin is readily broken down in the body to salicylic acid, which itself has anti-inflammatory, antipyretic, and analgesic effects. In 2012, salicylic acid was found to activate AMP-activated protein kinase, which has been suggested as a possible explanation for some of the effects of both salicylic acid and aspirin.
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