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In economics, a production function gives the technological relation between quantities of physical inputs and quantities of output of goods. The production function is one of the key concepts of mainstream neoclassical theories, used to define marginal product and to distinguish allocative efficiency, a key focus of economics. One important ...
Wire-grid Cobb–Douglas production surface with isoquants A two-input Cobb–Douglas production function with isoquants. In economics and econometrics, the Cobb–Douglas production function is a particular functional form of the production function, widely used to represent the technological relationship between the amounts of two or more inputs (particularly physical capital and labor) and ...
The production function is a graphical or mathematical expression showing the relationship between the inputs used in production and the output achieved. Both graphical and mathematical expressions are presented and demonstrated. The production function is a simple description of the mechanism of income generation in production process.
The production functions listed below, and their properties are shown for the case of two factors of production, capital (K), and labor (L), mostly for heuristic purposes. These functions and their properties are easily generalizable to include additional factors of production (like land, natural resources, entrepreneurship, etc.)
The production functions are understood and formulated differently in growth accounting and management accounting. In growth accounting the production function is formulated as a function OUTPUT=F (INPUT), which formulation leads to maximize the average productivity ratio OUTPUT/INPUT.
In economics, factors of production, resources, or inputs are what is used in the production process to produce output—that is, goods and services. The utilized amounts of the various inputs determine the quantity of output according to the relationship called the production function .
where y i is the observed scalar output of the producer i; i=1,..I, x i is a vector of N inputs used by the producer i; is a vector of technology parameters to be estimated; and f(x i, β) is the production frontier function. TE i denotes the technical efficiency defined as the ratio of observed output to maximum feasible output.
Suppose an open economy has the production function: = (,) = (), = / Where the variables in this equation are: is the total output (,) is the production function; is the total capital stock; is the total labor stock
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