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Mustard gas or sulfur mustard are names commonly used for the organosulfur chemical compound bis(2-chloroethyl) sulfide, which has the chemical structure S(CH 2 CH 2 Cl) 2, as well as other species. In the wider sense, compounds with the substituents −SCH 2 CH 2 X or −N(CH 2 CH 2 X) 2 are known as sulfur mustards or nitrogen mustards ...
In New Delhi, India, edible mustard oil adulterated with Argemone mexicana seed oil caused epidemic dropsy in thousands of people, [34] because Argemone mexicana seed oil contains the toxic alkaloids sanguinarine and dihydrosanguinarine. Over 60 people died and more than 3000 were hospitalized in the 1998 incident.
The idealized combustion of mustard gas in oxygen produces hydrochloric acid and sulfuric acid, in addition to carbon dioxide and water: (ClC 2 H 4) 2 S + 7 O 2 → 4 CO 2 + 2 H 2 O + 2 HCl + H 2 SO 4. Bis(2-chloroethyl)sulfide reacts with sodium hydroxide, giving divinyl sulfide: (ClC 2 H 4) 2 S + 2 NaOH → (CH 2 =CH) 2 S + 2 H 2 O + 2 NaCl ...
The milk was later used to make lassi which was later used in a family gathering. 17 people were fatally poisoned; Dawn Sturgess (d. 2018), accidentally poisoned with the same Novichok nerve agent used in the poisoning of Sergei and Yulia Skripal
Bradford sweets poisoning: Sweets accidentally made with arsenic were sold from a market stall which led to the poisoning of more than 200 people, including 21 deaths. 1858, United States. In the New York Swill milk scandal, an estimated 8,000 infants died in just one year, during the years long duration of adulterated milk.
During experiments with ethylene and sulfur dichloride in 1860, Niemann produced mustard gas. He was among the first to document its toxic effects, [5] but he might have not been the first to synthesize it. [6] In 1860 and almost in parallel to Niemann, Frederick Guthrie reported the same reaction as Niemann. [5]
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Sulfur mustard, commonly known as mustard gas, was used as a chemical weapon in World War I and more recently in the Iran–Iraq War. Sulfur mustard is a vesicant alkylating agent with strong cytotoxic, mutagenic, and carcinogenic properties. After exposure, victims show skin irritations and blisters.