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Orthognathic surgery (/ ˌ ɔːr θ ə ɡ ˈ n æ θ ɪ k /), also known as corrective jaw surgery or simply jaw surgery, is surgery designed to correct conditions of the jaw and lower face related to structure, growth, airway issues including sleep apnea, TMJ disorders, malocclusion problems primarily arising from skeletal disharmonies, and other orthodontic dental bite problems that cannot ...
A Le Fort I osteotomy surgically advances the upper jaw to correct misalignment and deformities. It is used in the treatment for several conditions, including skeletal class II malocclusion, cleft lip and cleft palate, vertical maxillary excess (VME) or deficiency, and some specific types of facial trauma, particularly those affecting the mid-face.
Implant that has been used for fixation of a broken wrist. Closed reduction internal fixation (CRIF) is reduction without any open surgery, followed by internal fixation. It appears to be an acceptable alternative in unstable distressed lateral condylar fractures of the humerus in children, but if fracture displacement after closed reduction exceeds 2 mm, open reduction and internal fixation ...
ORIF is especially important for repairing unstable facial buttresses in order to allow the patient to tolerate chewing. Plates and screws are often permanently fixated to facial bones to stabilize the lateral and medial vertical buttresses bilaterally. [2] Bone grafts may also be required to stabilize the buttresses. [2]
The surgery usually involves gaining access to the bone from inside the mouth, revealing and moving the bone into a correct functional position, and fixing it in position with metal plates and screws. [53] These plates are most often left in the bone, but at times require removal due to infection, which would require another operation. [53 ...
Orthopedic surgeon making adjustments to a metal plate in a patient's ankle. An orthopedic plate is a form of internal fixation used in orthopaedic surgery to hold fractures in place to allow bone healing [1] and to reduce the possibility of nonunion. Most modern plates include bone screws to help the orthopedic plate stay in place.
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Once the fragments are reduced, the reduction is maintained by application of casts, traction, or held by plates, screws, or other implants, which may in turn be external or internal. It is very important to verify the accuracy of reduction by clinical tests and X-ray, especially in the case of joint dislocations.