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Cervical spinal stenosis is one of the most common forms of spinal stenosis, along with lumbar spinal stenosis (which occurs at the level of the lower back instead of the neck). Thoracic spinal stenosis, at the level of the mid-back, is much less common. [2] Cervical spinal stenosis can be far more dangerous by compressing the spinal cord.
Spinal stenosis is an abnormal narrowing of the spinal canal or neural foramen that results in pressure on the spinal cord or nerve roots. [6] Symptoms may include pain, numbness, or weakness in the arms or legs. [1] Symptoms are typically gradual in onset and improve with leaning forward. [1]
[6] [7] Neck pain or back pain may also be present. [medical citation needed] Physical examination may reveal motor and sensory deficits in the distribution of a nerve root. In the case of cervical radiculopathy , Spurling's test may elicit or reproduce symptoms radiating down the arm.
A significant correlation was found between decreased mobility in motion segment C7-T1 and T1-T2 and increased risk for neck- shoulder pain. [1] [4] Norlander and Nordgren [5] have also shown that several clinical symptoms show relationship to segmental mobility examined with CTR. A significant correlation was found between decreased mobility ...
In cervical spondylosis, a patient may be presented with dull neck pain with neck stiffness in the initial stages of the disease. As the disease progresses, symptoms related to radiculopathy (due to compression of exiting spinal nerve by narrowed intervertebral foramen) or myelopathy (due to compression on the spinal cord) can occur. [2]
Depending on the extent of the spinal cord injury, the symptoms may vary. [7] Though every case is different, several cases reported loss of motor functions in the extremities , areflexia or sudden jerks of the limbs, loss of pain perception, or even paralysis; all of which are possible indicators of a damaged and softened spinal cord. [ 7 ]
Symptoms suggestive of cord compression are back pain, a dermatome of increased sensation, paralysis of limbs below the level of compression, decreased sensation below the level of compression, urinary and fecal incontinence and/or urinary retention. Lhermitte's sign (intermittent shooting electrical sensation) and hyperreflexia may be present.
The first symptoms of stenosis include bouts of low back pain. After a few months or years, this may progress to claudication. The pain may be radicular, following the classic neurologic pathways. This occurs as the spinal nerves or spinal cord become increasingly trapped in a smaller space within the canal.
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