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Herod and a supporting Roman army were kept out of Jerusalem for 3–5 months but the Romans eventually captured the city. The supporters of Antigonus fought until the Romans reached the inner courtyard of the Temple. [3] Antigonus was taken to Antioch and executed, [4] ending Hasmonean rule. [1]
During the siege Antigonus had used Herod's lack of pedigree as propaganda, calling him a "commoner and an Idumaean, that is a half-Jew", publicly questioning Herod's right to the throne. [14] [18] Herod, fearful for his legitimacy and popularity, therefore complied with the requests. Further negotiations, however, proved fruitless and Herod's ...
Herod I [2] [a] or Herod the Great (c. 72 – c. 4 BCE) was a Roman Jewish client king of the Herodian kingdom of Judea. [3] [4] [5] He is known for his colossal building projects throughout Judea. Among these works are the rebuilding of the Second Temple in Jerusalem and the expansion of its base [6] [7] [8] —the Western Wall being part of it.
Antigonus, whose Hebrew name was Mattathias, bore the double title of king and High Priest for only three years, as he had not disposed of Herod, the most dangerous of his enemies. Herod fled into exile and sought the support of Mark Antony. Herod was designated "King of the Jews" by the Roman Senate in 40 BCE: Antony
Hyrcanus II is mutilated by Antigonus II and taken prisoner, Phasael commits suicide, Jerusalem is conquered, and Herod flees into exile. [126] [116] Herod, in exile in Rome, is declared king by the Roman Senate. [126] 40–37 BCE. Reign of Antigonus II Mattathias as puppet king of the Parthians. His reign is consumed by a losing war against a ...
Antigonus was not, however, the last male Hasmonean; Aristobulus III, grandson of Aristobulus II through his elder son Alexander, and brother of the Hasmonean princess Mariamne, was briefly made high priest, but was soon executed (36 BCE) due to jealousy of Herod's first wife Doris. His sister, Mariamne was married to Herod, but fell victim to ...
Antigonus II Mattathias King of Judaea r. 40–37 BCE: Malthace: Cleopatra of Jerulasem: Herod the Great King of Judaea r. 37–4 BCE: Mariamne I: Herod Antipas Tetrarch of Galilee r. 4 BCE – 39 CE: Herod Archelaus Ethnarch of Judaea r. 4 BCE - 6 CE: Philip the Tetrarch Tetrarch of Batanea r. 4 BCE – 34 CE: Aristobulus IV: Herod V King of ...
Herod could not have gone to his homeland to raise an army before Ventidius, and his Roman army, were there, in the fall of 39 BC, to aid him in his struggle against the Parthians and their surrogate in Jerusalem, Antigonus. There was no delay of a year between Herod's appointment and his departure for Syria, where he met Ventidius, as ...