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  2. Stephen Toulmin - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stephen_Toulmin

    Throughout many of his works, Toulmin pointed out that absolutism (represented by theoretical or analytic arguments) has limited practical value. Absolutism is derived from Plato's idealized formal logic, which advocates universal truth; accordingly, absolutists believe that moral issues can be resolved by adhering to a standard set of moral principles, regardless of context.

  3. Argumentation theory - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Argumentation_theory

    To develop his contention, Toulmin introduced the concept of argument fields. In The Uses of Argument (1958), Toulmin claims that some aspects of arguments vary from field to field, and are hence called "field-dependent", while other aspects of argument are the same throughout all fields, and are hence called "field-invariant". The flaw of ...

  4. Argumentation scheme - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Argumentation_scheme

    The study of argument in the field of argumentation theory since Perelman and Olbrechts-Tyteca's The New Rhetoric and Stephen Toulmin's The Uses of Argument, [16] both first published in 1958, has been characterized by a recognition of the defeasible, non-monotonic nature of most ordinary everyday arguments and reasoning.

  5. Toulmin model - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/?title=Toulmin_model&redirect=no

    This page was last edited on 5 October 2006, at 20:38 (UTC).; Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License; additional terms may ...

  6. Design rationale - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Design_rationale

    The earliest argumentation-based model used by many design rationale systems is the Toulmin model. [7] The Toulmin model defines the rules of design rationale argumentation with six steps: [21] Claim is made; Supporting data are provided; Warrant provides evidence to the existing relations; Warrant can be supported by a backing; Model ...

  7. Issue-based information system - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Issue-based_information_system

    IBIS notation is used in issue mapping, [2]: ix an argument visualization technique closely related to argument mapping. [6] An issue map aims to comprehensively diagram the rhetorical structure of a conversation (or a series of conversations) as seen by the participants in the conversation, as opposed to an ideal conceptual structure such as ...

  8. Here’s What to Say to Comfort Someone Who Just Had a ... - AOL

    www.aol.com/heres-comfort-someone-just-had...

    If you’re here, chances are you know and love someone who just experienced a miscarriage and you want to support them. You might also be here because you don’t have any experience with ...

  9. Argument map - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Argument_map

    The argument map tree schema of Kialo with an example path through it: all Con-argument boxes and some Pros were emptied to illustrate an example path. [32] A partial argument tree with claims and impact votes for arguments illustrates one form of collective determination of argument weights that is based on equal-weight user voting. [33]